同步练习(十四)　[必修3　Unit 4　Astronomy：the science of the stars]

(限时：30分钟)

Ⅰ.语法填空

Sometimes Chinese English teachers are puzzled by 1.________ a question，“Have you got any skills in reading comprehension？”Actually, many of the teachers can't give students 2.________ efficient way to deal with reading. Anyway, 3.________ often simply say，“Read more and practice more, and you 4.________ (get) more experience in reading comprehension.”Frankly, these teachers' good 5.________ (suggest) are only helpful to arouse students' interest in reading 6._____ ___ not helpful to deal with the questions in the examinations of reading comprehension. Personally, I think the skill for reading comprehension should be based 7.________ the knowledge of English writing. Since the English passages are written under some rules or principles, the science of reading and understanding may have a close relationship with writing. Reading comprehension can't be independent from the knowledge of writing. So 8.________ (do) better in reading comprehension, we should learn the knowledge of writing, study 9.________ questions are designed and the relationship 10.________ questions and the reading materials.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

Surface Exploration.Robots make great explorers on planets，moons，and other landing areas.Aside from earth，just about every surface in the solar system is unsafe for humans to explore.The air on most other planets is insufficient for humans to breathe，making it necessary to wear a space suit and oxygen equipment.The temperatures on these surfaces are much too hot or much too cold for any humans to withstand．Plus there would be complications with radiation，weather，and a lack of gravity.Robots have much less limitation in these areas and can survive much longer under these conditions.

Data Collection.Robots are designed for collecting scientific data.Robots are also able to perform many tasks at a time and can process information much quicker and more efficiently.Important scientific projects from detecting minerals，analyzing ground samples，and finding water are all performed much quicker and more accurately (精确地) by robots.

Cost Effective.The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.In order to successfully send humans into space we would need to build a vehicle that can not only carry humans，but also enough food and water to keep them alive for the duration of the trip.Moreover，robots have no problems working for hours on end.Robots never complain，they don't require food or water，and they never need a bathroom break.

Space Travel.Over the past 30 years or so there have been many different types of robots used successfully in the exploration of space.Perhaps the most famous and successful robots are the Spirit and Opportunity who have both been exploring the surface of Mars.They have both been very successful with experiments on soil and rocks and have even found evidence of water in Mars' history.

11．According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?

A．The use of robots in space exploration costs more than the use of humans.

B．It may be dangerous for humans to explore the solar system except the earth.

C．Both the Spirit and Opportunity have found the evidence of water in the Mars.

D．Many different types of robots have explored the space successfully.

12．Which column could the passage come from?

A．Education.

B．Finance.

C．Travel.

D．Science.

13. The underlined word “withstand” most probably means“________”．

A．arise B．bear

C．defeat D．diverse

14．What is the writer's attitude in this passage?

A．Negative. B．Persuasive.

C．Subjective. D．Objective.

15．While sending an astronaut into the space，we should consider the following EXCEPT ________．

A．the radiation B．the oxygen

C．the diet D．the alien

Ⅲ.信息匹配

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

首先请阅读下列运动学校、中心或俱乐部的信息：

A

Riding School

You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9：00 am and 8：30 pm (3：30 pm on Saturdays). There are 10 kilometres of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.

B

Sailing Club

Our Young Sailor's Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification. You'll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid. Have fun with other course members afterwards in the clubroom. There are 10 weekly two-hour lessons (Tuesdays 6 pm—8 pm).

C

Diving Centre

Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week, in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need a swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.

D

Tennis Club

Learn to play tennis in the heart of the city and have fun at our tennis weekends. Arrive on Friday evening, learn the basic rules on Saturday and play in a competition on Sunday. There's also a disco and swimming pool. White tennis clothes and a racket are required.

E

Water Sports Club

We use a two-kilometre length of river for speedboat racing, and water-skiing. A beginners' course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently, but must be able to swim. The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 am to 4 pm, with lessons all through the day.

F

Golf Club

After a three-hour introduction with a professional golfer, you can join this golf club. The course is built on beautiful country hills and is open from dawn until dusk daily. There are regular social evenings on Saturdays in the club bar. You will need your own golf equipment.

以下是五位运动爱好者的信息。请将他们与适合他们加入的运动学校、中心或俱乐部匹配起来。

16．Jack Anderson. Jack works in the city centre and wants to take up a sport that he can do regularly in his lunch hour. He enjoys activities which are fast and a bit dangerous.

17．Margaret Lillian. Margaret already plays golf at weekends. Now she has retired and wants to learn a new activity she can do in the countryside in the mornings.

18．Peter Florian. In six weeks' time, Peter is having a holiday on a Thailand island, where he plans to explore the ocean depths. He has a 9-to-5 job and wants to prepare for this holiday after work.

19．Alice Fingelhamm. Alice is 16. She wants to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate at the end. She would also like to make new friends.

20．Lynne Nagata. Lynne has a well-paid but stressful job. She would like to take up a sport which she can do outside the city each weekend. She also wants to get to know some new people.

课时作业(十四)

Ⅰ.本文主要探讨了英语阅读技巧方面的话题。

1．such　由后面列举的问题可知，此处是指“这样的”问题。

2．an　指“一种”有效的方法，表示“一种”用不定冠词。efficient以元音音素开头，故用an。

3．they　指代前文中的Chinese English teachers。

4．will get　在“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句型中，陈述句的谓语动词要用一般将来时。

5．suggestions　作主语用名词，谓语是are，可见此名词要用复数。

6．but　因上文helpful to与本句中的not helpful to显然为转折关系，故用but连接两个形容词短语作表语。

7．on　固定搭配be based on意为“以……为基础，在……的基础上”。

8．to do　作目的状语，要用动词不定式。

9．how　引导宾语从句，并在从句中作方式状语，即研究问题是“如何”设计的。

10．between　表示“两者之间”用between。

Ⅱ.本文主要介绍了机器人是如何在一些星体进行太空探索及与人相比所占的优势和所起的作用等。

11．A　细节理解题。由第三段第一句The use of robots has made the cost of space exploration much less expensive than it would cost for humans to do the work.可知使用机器人进行太空探索比人类做这项工作花费更少，因此A项说花费更多是有误的。

12．D　推理判断题。本文主要是关于机器人在太空探索中的运用，应该属于科学栏目，故选D项。

13．B　词义猜测题。前面提到这些表面太热或太冷应该是会让人难以忍受，故选B项。bear意为“忍受”。

14．D　推理判断题。纵观全文可知作者只是客观地介绍了机器人在太空探索中的使用，并未带有“否定的”、“说服性的”或者是“主观的”看法，故选D项。

15．D　细节理解题。在本文的第一部分提到了A、B两项“辐射”和“氧气”问题，在第三段提到了C项“饮食”问题。本文并未提到有关“外星人”的情况，故选D项。

Ⅲ.16.E　关键信息fast and a bit dangerous与E项中的speedboat, water-skiing匹配。

17．A　关键信息retired, already plays golf at weekends, wants to learn a new activity, do in the countryside与A项中的at any age, any weekday, rides across farmland and open country匹配。

18．C　关键信息explore the ocean depths, after work与C项中的deep-sea diving, two evening lessons a week匹配。

19．B　关键信息an activity one evening a week, get a certificate at the end, make new friends与B项中的10 weekly two-hour lessons (Tuesday 6 pm—8 pm), leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification, Have fun with other course members匹配。

20．F　关键信息do outside the city each weekend, know some new people与F项中的on beautiful country hills, regular social evenings on Saturdays匹配。