同步练习(十二)　[必修3　Unit 2　Healthy eating]

(限时：45分钟)

Ⅰ.语法填空

Vitamins are complex chemical substances 1.________ (find) in many foods. The human body needs them for health and 2.________ (grow). The body makes some vitamins, 3.________ usually in amounts too small to meet its needs. 4.________ vitamins are not made in the body. These must be supplied. No one knows exactly 5.________ all vitamins work. Doctors 6.________ know that vitamins have very special uses. One vitamin 7.________ cannot take the place of another. The steady absence of one vitamin in 8.________ otherwise complete diet causes a deficiency disease. Rickets, scurvy, and pellagra are examples of deficiency diseases.

It is best to obtain vitamins 9.________ eating the foods in which they occur. There are also pills that contain a single vitamin or a combination of vitamins. People should consult 10.________ doctors before they take any vitamin pills.

Ⅱ.阅读理解

A

You know eating fruit and vegetables does good. But do you know it can also make you look good? People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found. Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them slightly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers' skin. They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks. Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look more healthy and an extra 3.3 portions could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.

Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids (类胡萝卜素), which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer. But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange, it was not known a small increase was perceptible (被觉察) to others and was seen as appealing.

A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident in three weeks. Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin. There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene (番茄红素), which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red colour and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach. Skin colour is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols (多元酚), found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.

11．What do we know from the research?

A．If you take in a little more fruit and vegetables, you will obviously look more attractive in three weeks.

B．The researchers took the pictures of 35 people in the research at different stages.

C．Increasing your intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day can greatly improve your health.

D．People who increased their intake of greens by 3.3 portions a day were found the most attractive after six weeks.

12．Which of the following is NOT the function of carotenoids?

A．They can protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays.

B．They can prevent heart disease and cancer.

C．They can prevent age-related diseases.

D．They can keep you in good health.

13．Which of the statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A．We've already known eating extreme amounts of carrots can turn skin orange.

B．We knew in the past that eating a few more carrots could make us look appealing.

C．The research showed the improvement in skin is linked with the levels of carotenoids in it.

D．Among hundreds of carotenoids, lycopene is thought to have the most dramatic effect on the skin.

14．We can infer from the passage that ________．

A．skin's redness, yellowness and lightness make a person look more healthy and attractive

B．carotenoids have the same effect as lycopene

C．it is carotenoids that give tomatoes and red peppers their red colour

D．both beta-carotene and polyphenols affect skin colour by causing blood rush to the skin surface

15．Which can be the best title of the passage?

A．Eating fruit and vegetables does good

B．Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids

C．How to become attractive

D．Eating fruit and vegetables makes you look good

B

If you walk around any large city, you'll find a coffee shop on every corner. Many shops offer comfortable sofas, large screen televisions and sometimes even live music. More and more teenagers are hanging out there. My preteen has already done so after school once a month but she always orders fruit juice. I think she would drink coffee sooner or later, so I started doing some research online.

I found out that coffee in moderation can be safe. But one thing that was constant online was the chance of becoming addicted to coffee. Coffee is one step up from soda but still not as dangerous as energy drinks or alcohol. Still, any addiction is hard to break. So I needed to come up with a plan that would protect my child.

Coffee shops offer a safe place for teens to hang out. As like anything else you let your children do, you need to set limits. Drinking coffee while socializing once or twice a week will not cause a severe caffeine addiction. However, you should avoid allowing a cup of coffee every morning and ensure they get adequate sleep each night, which will make them less likely to feel the need to drink coffee.

As parents we have responsibility to set a good example. If you're addicted to caffeine, it's time to start monitoring your intake. If you drink much water and keep healthier drink options in your fridge and at your dinner table, your teen will follow you. I drink much water and so do both my children. My_kids_learn_more_from_watching_me_do_things_than_they_will_ever_learn_from_my_verbal_teaching.

As a mother, I'm ready to allow my child to try coffee, and we'll talk about it and discuss the pros and cons of consuming this. I feel open communication is vital in helping them make good decisions. Although, the decision to drink coffee doesn't pose the same dangers as underage drinking, it still deserves a thoughtful conversation.

16．The author began to do research on coffee in order to ________．

A．offer some good advice to coffee shops

B．guide her daughter to drink coffee properly

C．stop her daughter hanging out in coffee shops

D．let her daughter believe that fruit juice is healthy

17．What might be the content of the plan the author would come up with?

A．How her daughter can keep safe.

B．Why coffee is as dangerous as alcohol.

C．How her daughter can avoid caffeine addiction.

D．What benefits her daughter can achieve from coffee.

18．According to the text, if teens have enough sleep, they ________．

A．will not ache for coffee that much

B．will not hang out in coffee shops

C．will not drink coffee for ever

D．will drink water instead of coffee

19．What does the underlined sentence in the fourth paragraph imply?

A．The author's children don't like to talk with her.

B．The author thinks a good example functions better.

C．The author is living in harmony with her children.

D．The author doesn't want her children to learn from her.

20．Which of the following statements agrees with the author's opinions in the text?

A．Teens should stop from entering coffee shops.

B．Coffee shops should not offer many options to teens.

C．Teen's activities in coffee shops should be limited strictly.

D．Parents should not force their children to stop drinking coffee.

Ⅲ.读写任务

阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

As Teachers' Day draws near, many Chinese parents have been thinking hard over gifts that are appropriate for the teachers of their children. Some have turned to the Internet for gift suggestions, including a mother named Yang whose child attends kindergarten. “What should I send and what kinds of gifts are appropriate? We are in a difficult situation—we cannot afford very expensive gifts, but teachers will not be impressed if the gifts are too cheap，” Yang wrote on a website.

Some parents, however, do not realize that some teachers are also under great pressure because of the gifts. “No more gifts, or I will run out of money！” complained a young teacher on Weibo.“Many parents send me some shopping tickets for Teachers' Day so I put them in a new dictionary and let their children bring them back to their parents，” the teacher wrote. A teacher named Zhu, said he feels “worried” every time parents send him money or shopping tickets. “It is not whether to accept the gifts, but how to return them that worries me. I tried to persuade parents to take them back. But I will use the money or shopping tickets from the stubborn parents to buy books for the class，” said Zhu.

[写作内容]

1．以约30个词概括以上短文的内容；

2．以约120个词就“教师节家长是否该给老师送礼”这一主题发表你的看法，内容包括：

(1)说说你对该问题的看法，并简单说明原因；

(2)谈谈你印象最深的一次教师节；

(3)谈谈你认为学生给老师的最好的教师节礼物。

[写作要求]

1．作文中可使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自拟。

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

课时作业(十二)

Ⅰ.1.found　考查非谓语动词。作定语，表被动，所以用过去分词。

2．growth　考查词形变化。由表示并列关系的连接成分and以及前面的health可以看出，应该用名词形式。

3．but　考查连词。很显然，“身体产生的维生素”和“这些维生素量太小不能满足需要”之间是转折关系，所以用but。

4．Other　考查形容词。由下文的“These must be supplied”可以看出，除了身体自产的维生素之外，其他的维生素需要外部的供应。

5．how　考查副词。表示方式，用how。

6．do　考查句式结构。原句中结构完整，所以用助动词do，强调谓语动词know。

7．therefore　考查逻辑关系。语境为：医生们确实知道，维生素有特别的用途，因此一种维生素不能代替另外一种。

8．an　考查冠词。修饰名词diet表泛指用不定冠词。

9．by　考查介词。表示方式，用by。

10．their　考查形容词性物主代词。指主语people的医生，修饰名词作定语，所以用形容词性物主代词。

Ⅱ.A

吃水果不仅对我们的身体健康有益，而且能让我们看起来更好看、更有吸引力。

11．B　细节理解题。通过全文第一段可知，调查者对35个人加量食用水果，从一开始到第三个星期，一直到第六个星期后，各个阶段都用高灵敏度的照相机对他们的皮肤进行拍照比照，所以选B。

12．D　细节理解题。根据文中第二段可知，类胡萝卜素能保护免受污染和UV射线的损害，同时能防止与年龄相关疾病的发生，如心脏病和癌症，并未提到D项，所以选D。

13．B　细节理解题。根据文中第二段倒数第一、二句可知，人们知道吃极其大量的某种蔬菜，例如像胡萝卜能让我们皮肤变黄，人们并不知道少量吃点胡萝卜也会被别人看出，并且效果也不错，所以B项与原文不符。

14．A　推理判断题。通过文中可知，水果、蔬菜中所含的类胡萝卜素等成分可以让人变得更健康，更引人注目，而这是因为这些成分中含有红色物质、黄色物质等起作用，所以选A。

15．D　主旨大意题。根据文中第一段第一、二句可知，吃水果和蔬菜