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Unit 5 Advertise

作者:未知来源:中央电教馆时间:2006/4/17 20:29:54阅读:nyq
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点击高考词汇

1above  prep.

1.在……的上面:

  The voice came from somewhere above me.那声音是从我上面某个地方传来的。

2.多于,超出:

  He is above fifteen, but he depends on his mother for everything. 他十五岁多了,但什么事情还是靠他妈妈。

  Ⅱ.  n. 上方,上面:Suddenly he heard a voice from above.突然他听到上面有说话声。

  Ⅲadj. 上面的  adv. 在上面

【词义辨析】above, over, on:

1above over都可以表示位置、地位、数量(表示“超出”这意)等。表示位置时,above指笼统的上方,over指垂直的上方,有“覆盖”的意思。on含有表面接触的意思。

2abroad  adv. 到国外;在国外

  He lived abroad for much of his life. 他的大半生在国外度过。

  ★at home and abroad 在国内外 from abroad 从国外  go abroad 出国

3accept  vt.

  1. 接受:  Please accept the Christmas gift. 请接受这圣诞礼物。

  2. 接受,同意(某种看法等): They refused to accept the proposal.他们拒绝接受这一建议。

【词义辨析】accept, receive:

  accept表示主动地接受,receive表示被动地接受,因此当表示收到来信时,要用receive

  The invitation he received was not accepted. 他没有接受收到的邀请。

4accident  n. [C]

  1. 事故:His parents were killed in a bus accident. 他父母在一次汽车事故中丧生。

  2.意外事件:

  It was just an accident that I found my lost key at the school gate. 我在校门口偶然发现了我丢失的钥匙。

  ★  by accident  偶然:

  ★  I met her by accident in a crowded bus. 我在一辆拥挤的汽车上意外地碰到了她。

5according  (according to) prep. 按照;根据:

  According to Tom, Jane got married last month. 据汤姆说,简上个结婚了。

  I’ll do it according to your instructions. 我会照你的指示去做的。

【注意】

  according to后面不接 view, opinion 等词,若要表达“依我所见”,应用 in my opinion ,而不能用 according to me according to my opinion

6ache

  . n. 疼痛:·an ache in the arm 胳膊痛

  Ⅱ. v. 疼:

  My head ached terribly, so I had to go to see the doctor. 我头疼得厉害,所以只得去看医生。

【词义辨析】

  指局部较持久的疼痛,常是隐痛,它与身体的部分可以构成复合词。

  如:stomachache, headache          My tooth aches. 我牙疼。

  I have an ache in my stomach.=I have an ache in my stomachache.

  pain 可指一般的疼痛,也可指剧痛,有时指局总疼痛影响全身,比ache严重;pain也可指精神上的痛苦。

  The baby cried with pain. 那孩子痛得哭了起来。

  His disappearance caused his parents a great deal of pain. 他的失踪使他父母十分悲痛。

备战高考作文(二)

.怎样使用丰富的词汇

  从新的评分标准可知,运用丰富的词汇对提高书面表达的分数至关重要。以下是学生在各种文种中经常用的比较单调的词汇,以及与之相对应的地道、丰富的词汇。

  熟悉并掌握以下20种变通后的表达方式

  1. They swam to the bank of the river. (它们游向河岸)

            toward

   2. My best friend is very beautiful. (我的好朋友非常漂亮)

                      pretty

   3. I like listening to popular music. (我喜欢听流行音乐)

       enjoy

   4. I like swimming best. (我最喜欢游泳)

      My favorite sport is swimming.

  5. You can find my house easily.(你很容易就能找到我家)

     You’ll have no trouble finding my house.

  6. Today I received a letter from one of my friends.(今天我收到一个朋友的来信)

                 heard from

   7. I hope you can write me back soon. (希望你尽快给我回信 )

      I am looking forward to hearing from you.

  8. Ladies and Gentlemen, listen to me, please. (女士们,先生们,请注意)

           May I have your attention, please?

   9. Suddenly I thought out a good idea. (突然,我想出一个好主意)

           came upon

   10. In our school, there are twenty six classrooms. (我们学校有26个教室)

    Our school is made up of 26 classrooms.

  11. I decided to be a doctor when I grow up. (我决定长大后当一个大夫)

     have made up my mind

   12. That boy doesn't like to clean his room. (那个小男孩不愿意打扫房间)

                is unwilling to

   13. We all think he is a great man. (我们认为他是一个伟大的人)

              think highly of him

   14. The students there needn’t pay for their books. (那儿的学生免费可以得到书)

        Books are free for the students there.

   15. Women are more important than before in society. (妇女在社会中的地位越来越高)

               are playing a more important part

   16. My hometown is in the south of China. (我家在中国南部)

            is located in

   17. Jack thanked me a lot. (杰克非常感谢我)

          was very thankful to me

   18. They welcome us warmly. (他们热烈欢迎我们)

            gave us a warm welcome

   19. There are many trees and flowers in our school. (我们学校有许多树和花)

      Our school is covered with many trees and flowers.

    20. We had the meeting for two hours. (我们开了两个小时的会)

        The meeting lasted two hours.

三、怎样使句式更加丰富

  英语作文要得到高分,掌握一些地道、标准的句子结构是很有必要的。运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少,从而使整篇文章的因此而生辉。高中句子结构的种类是有限的,学会使用并不难。

  熟悉并掌握以下10种变通的句子结构。

被动语态

  1. We will hold the party on Saturday afternoon.

   The party will be held on Saturday afternoon.

强调句

  2. My brave dog saved my little sister.

   It was my brave dog that saved my little sister.

伴随状语

  3. We sang and danced, we told jokes and stories. We had a good time.

   We had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and stories.

例装句

  4. We can only do this in order to get good mark.

   Only in this way can we get good mark.

后置定语

  5. They have a cat. The cat’s name is MiMi.

   They keep a dog called MiMi.

伴随状语

  6. One summer holiday, my parents went to Shanghai. They took my sister with them.

   One summer holiday, my parents went to Shanghai, taking my sister along.

 get. .. done句型

  7. To improve our life, we have to work hard.

   We have to work hard to get our life improved.

介词短语做状语

   8. My father sat in the sofa. He was smoking and reading a newspaper.

   My father was smoking in the sofa with a newspaper in his hand.

非限制性定语从句

  9. We love our library. It gives us a good place to learn more knowledge.

   We love our library, which gives us a good place to learn

Unless句型

  10. If you don’t study hard, you will not make rapid progress

  You can’ t make rapid progress unless you study hard.(建议学生背下这些句型,并在以后的作文中充分利用。)

高考难题试做

1. --------Alice , you feed the bid today, _______ ?

 -------But I fed it yesterday. 答案:B    通过率:27.7%

  A. do you  B. will you   C. didn’t you    D. don’t you

  ( Sit down , will you ? You drive the car , will you 这类语句俯拾即是。)

2._____ you’ve got a chance , you might as well make full use of it .

   A. Now that    B. After   

   C. Although    D. As soon as  

答案:A   通过率:34%

  种种不够准确的翻译,如 B. After  you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 被译为:“在你得到了一个机会之后,你以许可以充分利用它。”  C. Although  you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 被译为“虽然你得到了一个机会,你也许可以充分利用它。” D. As soon as  you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 被译

“只要你一得到了一个机会,你也许可充分利用它。”语感:

  1may as wellmight as well用在“提出建议”,不表示“也”的意思。2Now that表示:“以现在看到的事实作为依据的原因”,可译成“现在既然” 3)you’ve got a 是口语“有”;不能翻译成“得到一个”,might as well不必译成“也许可以”,A. Now that  you’ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it. 应该译成“提出建议”的:“既然现在你有个机会,就应该(最好)充分利用一下。”最佳选项就这样确定下来了。

3. -----Hey, look where you are going! 答案:B   通过率:39%

  ------Oh, I'm terribly sorry . __________ .

   A. I’m not noticing     B. I wasn’t noticing

   C. I haven’t noticed   D. I don’t notice

   -----Hey, look where you are going! (嘿,走路瞧着点儿!)

  (-----Oh, I’m terribly sorry.__________. (啊,真是太对不起了。___________ )

   A. I’m not noticing (我现在没有留神)

   B. I wasn’t noticing(我刚才没有在留神。)

   C.I haven't noticed (到现在还没有注意到。)

   D.I don’t notice  (我经常不注意。)

   B. 也可翻译成为“我刚才的确走路没有瞧着点儿”。

4.--------How are you today ?

 --------Oh, I ______ as ill as I do now for a very long time . 答案:D   通过率:48%

  A. didn’t feel    B. wasn’t feeling   C. don’t feel    D. haven’t felt

  (------你今天这么样啊?------哎呀,她久没有像今天这样难受了。)

  (使人想起“(1)haven’t seen you for ages.”“好久没有见到你了。”)

5. The WTO cannot live up to its name _____ it does not include a country that is home to    one fifth of mankind .

  A. as long as    B. while    C. if     D. even though 答案:C     通过率:46%

  “中国人口占世界五分之一,世贸组织没有中国,该组织本身就会名不副实。”

6. We didn’t plan our art exhibition like that but it ________ very well.

  A. worked out   B. tried out    C. went on    D. carried on    A通过率:13%

I hoped that our firm would join up with one of the largest companies of the country .

  But it doesn’t seem to be working out that way .

------I wonder if you can work out this problem .

 ------ I shan’t know until you try me out .

Please carry on as usual while I listen to the class .

--I want to go on being a teenager, because I am enjoying every minute of it .

  背记“英汉对照词汇表”在害人。一定要立足“语篇”

词语的辨析和运用能力要在语篇中培养

  中学生使用英语的一大弱点,就是“缺乏深层次知识”。如:“他们对状语从句的深层知识重视不够。”而这种深层次知识只有在反复研学语篇的深层结构时才能真正获取并牢固掌握。请看这个例句:

  If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,______ great it is.(答案:c)   A.what    B.how     C.however     D. Whatever

这句话的深层结构是:

  1.  There is difficulty.

  2.Don’t be afraid of it.

  3.Just work with a strong will.

  4. We are sure we can overcome any difficulty.

  5.But we don’t know how great the difficulty (we may come across ) is.

  6.Great or not, any difficulty can be overcome.(再往下挖,可能还会有更多的深层结构)

  这样一来,选项范围就可以缩小到B. how C.however之间了。至于 how however 区别,完全在于这个单词是怎么学的;若是在于篇中学会的,则易如反掌必定能选的C howerer。反之, 若是在单词或单句中背过how however 的汉语词义,则难以判断。

  犯难度较大的单句,若能够深入体会题干语句的深层结构意思“,则会变得容易一些。

  如:How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____  .

  A.the better voice        B.a good voice

  C.the best voice           D.a better voice

  答案:D. “此题检测点从知识分类上讲是属于形容词比较级的。但是仅仅依靠孤立的语法知识还不能很好的完成此题,很容易发生失误。”“A,C两项有很强的干扰功能。”“误选A的并不是不知道形容词比较级的基本规则及相关的知识,而是没有深入体会题干语句的深层意思,他们没有能够把语法知识和日常交际中的表述习惯结合起来考虑。”

  代词题如果稍加改写,写出他的深层结构,形成如下语篇的话,其难点似乎可以不攻自破了。

  I have never heard a better voice (than yours).So yours is the best voice I have ever heard. It is not that I have never heard the best voice,because, you see,yours is the best voice.

  所以,在高三教学中我们千万不要忽略课本甚至脱离课本-----这个宝贵的语言载体,去搞题海战术。而是要充分利用课本丰富的语境与词汇资源 ,以不变应万变,顺应高考不断情景化,交际化的趋势。

  以不变应万变的提法,完全符合美国著名语言学家乔姆斯基(Noam Chomsky)的“生成-----转换”语言理论,即:以少量而有限的已学会的语言“生成,转换成为大量的,甚至是无限的新的语言表达方式。 万变不离其宗,这个“宗”,就是我们手中的课本及其提供的基本词汇,语法和简单的表达方式。

--------------北京市特级教师张铁城

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