以下为课件内提取的文本内容，仅供参考：

threat

n. 威胁；恫吓;造成威胁的人或事；凶兆

战争的危胁使商业变得不景气。

The threat of war has depressed business activity.

There is a serious threat of famine.

under threat of “在受……危胁下”

在死的危胁下他只得照他们的命令做。

?He was forced to carry out their orders under threat of death.

inhabitant n. one of the people who live in a particular place.

an inhabitant of the town

inhabit vt. live there

The island mainly is inhabited by sheep.

人烟稀少的一个区

a district sparsely inhabited

spot n.

mark on skin；

当她生病的时候，她脸上有斑点。

She had spots on her face when she was ill.

dirty mark, usually made by a liquid;

There are a lot of grease spots on the shirt.

a particular place；

他被谋杀的地点

the spot where he was murdered

a little bit, small amount

我们吃点午饭吧。

Let’s have a spot of lunch.

put sb.on the spot

in a position of having to make the right answer or decision.

这个问题使我得做出反应了。

The question put me on the spot.

vt., vi.

to notice, to see, to recognize;

to mark with spots;

Dick’s very tall, so he is easy to spot in a crowd.

The floor was spotted with paint.

The sight of it awoke the scientist in my uncle to go and see it from closer at hand.

???? the scientist in my uncle

“科学灵感”

at hand: near in time or space.

There are shops and buses close at hand.

I want you to be at hand during my interview with the applicants.

What started out as a trip for knowledge now called for courage.

call for: need, ask

工人要求罢工运动。

The workers are calling for strike action.

这工作需要耐力和耐心。

The work calls for endurance and patience.

He had to wait for a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.

The other way: in different direction; on the contrary.

他看见警察后转向另一方向。

He turned to the other way when he saw the police coming.

他觉得去时用的时间比来时短，其实正相反。

He would think to go there is quicker than to come back, but it was just the other way.

He had to wait for a good wind, blowing the other way than the one that carried my uncle right in.

right: adv. immediately; directly.

轮船直沉江底。

The ship went right to the bottom.

他进门就打开了电视机。

He turned on the TV right after he came into the room.

There is some dirty weather knocking about.

knock about: to be active, and esp. to travel continuously.

He has knocked about in Africa for years.

As a young man he suffered a lot from poverty. He used to knock about in the market, trying to find a job for a few coins.

The hurricane, with its power to sink ships, to uproot trees and to overturn strong walls had found this little ship in its path.

What is found’s subject?

---the hurricane.

see, find,… can have the nouns to be their subject.

This old house has seen better days.

National Day found people singing and dancing happily in a street parade.

近在手边;在附近

at hand

2. 冲击，漫游；闲逛

knock about

3. 突然地，冷不防

all of a sudden

4. 需要勇气

call for courage

8. 平静下来

calm down

9. 照亮

light up

10. 惊慌地

in a panic

11. 在船上

on board

他不理会他父亲的恐吓。

He took no notice of his father's threat.

啄木鸟栖居于空心树上。

Woodpeckers inhabit hollow trees.

这里是建房的好地方。

This is a nice spot for a house.

这幅画远看就好看。

This picture looks better at a distance.

这俩兄弟太像了，很难分辨。

The twins are too much alike to tell them apart.

我现在手头没有字典，呆会儿我指给你看。

I haven’t the dictionary at hand but I will show it to you later.

他猜我没饿，其实正相反。

He guessed that I was not hungry, but it was just the other way.

他在欧洲漫游了好几年。

He has knocked about in Europe for years.

新丰一中见证了我们的失败与成功。

The No. 1 Middle School of Xinfeng has seen our failure and success.

Which words were left out at the place of the question mark (?) in the following two sentences?

1).Upon arrival, my uncle hugged Pompy and (?) tried to give him courage.

2). Then came a smell of sulphur, and then (?) flames.

Now look at the following sentences and tell me the full sentences.

1) Beg your pardon.

2) Haven’t seen you for ages.

3) Some more tea?

4) Sounds like a good idea.

5) Joining us for a drink?

6) Going to the supermarket?

1).省略主语。 祈使句的主语省略；

Thank you for your help.

2). 省略主语和谓语的一部分。

(There is) no smoking.

3). 省略做宾语的不定式短语，只保留to.

He didn’t come although he promised to.

Do you like to have a try? I’d like to.

如果该宾语是be 动词或完成时态，则be 和have不能省略。

---- Are you an engineer?

-----No, but I want to be.

---- Have you finished the task? –No, but I ought to have.

4). 在并列句中可以省略分句中的相同的成分；

My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse.

5). 主句中的省略：

(I am) Sorry to hear that.

6).省略从句的一部分，用so, not代替。

Will he come tonight? I think so/ I think not/ I don’t think so. (hope, be afraid, guess一般使用not结构)

7). 并列不定式可以省略后面的to.

I told him to sit down and wait for a moment.

8). 使役动词let. make , have和感官动词see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, fool at, listen to后面做宾语补足语的动词不定式一定要省略to，但是在被结构中不能省略to。

I saw the boy fall from the tree.

The boy was seen to fall from the tree.

9). find 和help 后面的可以省也可以不省略。但是如果是be 动词，则不省略。

We found him (to) work very hard.

We found him to be honest.

10). 介词前若有do，后面的不定式符号to省略。

The boy did nothing but play.

11). 在状语从句中，从句的主语和主句一致，或者主语是it时，可以省略主语和be。

If (you are) asked, you may come in.

If (it is) necessary, I will come to help you.

If （we are）given more time, we can do it better.

12).有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that.

It seems (或appears) (that) Joe is out，not Jack.

It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party.

１3).在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，that.

That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week.