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Unit 3 Back to the past

Welcome to the unit

Pyramids

The Statue of Zeus

The seven wonders of the world

The Hanging Gardens

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

The Colossus of Rhodes

The Lighthouse of

Alexandria

The Mausoleum at

Halicarnassus King

Zeus is the supreme god of ancient Greece

mythology. The Statue of Zeus, sculpted by a great Greek artist in about 435 BC, was once located on the western coast of Greece. It was a seated figure of Zeus, holding his eagle-topped staff in his left

hand and the figure of

Nike (victory) in his

right hand.

The Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan built the Taj Mahal on the banks of the river Yamuna as a tomb for his wife. It was built in 22 years (1631 to 1653) by 20,000 workmen. The building is made of white marble . A beautiful garden surrounds the Taj Mahal. In front of the main entrance to the building there is Taj Mahal in the reflection from the water.

King Nebuchadnezzar Ⅱ of Babylon(605-562 BC) built the Hanging Gardens to cheer up his wife who missed the flowers and trees of her homeland. The garden got its name because it was built entirely on the roof of the building ,which was surrounded by trees. This gave the impression that it was hanging in the sky.

Potala Palace is located on “Red Hill” in Lhasa. It was originally built in the 640’s, during the reign of King Songtsan Gampo. The 13-story palace stands 117 meters high and covers an area of 130,000 square meters. It is divided into two sections, the Red Palace and the White Palace. It was used as the residence of the Dalai Lamas since the 7th century, as well as the religious and political centre of old Tibet.

Discussion

1 What do you think of the structures you saw just

now?

2 Do you think it is important to protect cultural heritage ? Why or why not? Do you have any suggestions on how to protect it?

Reading Lost civilizations⑴

Unit 3 Back to the past

Where are the places in the pictures?

What have you known about them?

What else do you want to know about them?

Pompeii

Loulan

1. What country is the author from?

2. What is one main similarity between Pompeii and Loulan?

3. Who was made director of the Pompeii dig in 1860?

4. Who is Professor Zhang?

Canada.

Both of them became lost civilization about 2,000

years ago.

The Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli.

An archaeologist from the local cultural institute.

A Read the diary entries quickly and answer these questions.

C1 How well did you understand the details in the diary? Read it

again carefully and answer the following questions.

What happened to Pompeii in August AD 79?

2. How was the buried city discovered?

Mount Vesuvius erupted and lava, ash and rocks

poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.

All the people in Pompeii were buried alive, and

so was the city.

It was discovered in the 18th century when a farmer

found some stone with writing on it. People started

to dig in the area for treasure, which caused much

damage. So in 1860, the Italian archaeologist

Giuseppe Fiorelli was made director of the Pompeii

dig.

3. What were the stepping stones along the road in

Pompeii used for?

4. Why was Loulan an important city about 2,000

years ago?

5. How do many people think Loulan disappeared?

6. According to the last sentence, how did the author

feel about the loss of Loulan?

With the stones, people did not have to step in the

mud in the streets on rainy days.

Because it was a stopping point on the famous Silk

Road between the East and the West

It was gradually covered over by sandstorms from

AD 200 to AD 500.

She felt that it was a pity!

1 I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.

2 This morning we went to a lecture about Pompeii.

3 Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city !

4 How amazing !

C2 The writers of diaries often record feelings or opinions

(emotions) as well as what they have done(actions). Do the

sentences below express emotions(E) or actions(A)?

E / A

E / A

E / A

E / A

5 People started to dig in the area for treasure.

When I walked around the city, I saw streets just as they had been.

I am so excited to be here!

8 Sven found the remains of building buried under

the sand.

E / A

E / A

E / A

E / A

1 the city

2 which

3 there

4 it

5 that

D2 Find the following words in the text and decide what they

refer to.

Pompeii

the fact that people started to dig

in the area for treasure

near Pompeii

Loulan

the fact that the desert was once a

green land with enormous trees

Reading strategy: reading diary entries

When you are reading diary entries recording someone’s travels, you should look for:

⑴

⑵

⑶

dates and place names

facts and historical information

personal feelings and opinions

It was founded.

It was taken over by

the Romans.

Mount Vesuvius erupted.

Giuseppe Fiorelli was made

director of the Pompeii dig.

It existed as a commercial city.

It was covered over

gradually by sand storms.

It was discovered by a

Swedish explorer.

Find the historical information about Pompeii and Loulan.

Discussion

Is it useful for people to study things from the past? Why or why not?

Since as long ago as 1553 people have said, ‘History repeats itself.’ What do you think this saying means? Do you agree with it? Why or why not?

Homework

Read the passage carefully and review the new

words and phrases.

2. Make a summary of the text.

Reading Lost civilizations⑵

Unit 3 Back to the past

Both Pompeii in ________and Loulan in China became ____ ________ about 2000 years ago. Pompeii was ________ in the 8th century BC and was _____ _______ by the Romans in 89BC. On 24th Aug.AD79, Mount Vesuvius _________ and the city were _______ __________. Loulan was a _________ _________ on the Silk Road. It disappeared under the ________. There are just a few _________ left. Some _________, such as coins and painted pots, was found.

Fill in the blanks with proper words.

Italy

Iost

civilizations

founded

taken

over

erupted

buried

alive

stopping

point

storm

ruins

treasure

Give the English words according to the definitions.

（of a volcano）throw out of

lava and ash

act or speak for a group

sadly ，unluckily

rich

parts of a building that remain

after it has been badly

damaged or destroyed

huge

take control of

provide space for

erupt

represent

unfortunately

wealthy

ruins

enormous

take over

house

Word study

1. represent vt.

1) act or speak for a group

The competition attracted over 500 contestants

8 different countries.

representing

The President was at the ceremony by the Vice-President.

represented

2) to be a symbol of

Each color on the chart a different department.

represents

The rose a different department.

represents

2. take over: take control of

The army has the party.

The firm has by a large company.

When he was ill his son the business.

taken over

been taken over

took over

3. unfortunately adv. unluckily, regrettably

, he was injured in the first game.

,I won’t be able to attend the meeting.

Unfortunately

Unfortunately

unfortunate adj.

It was an accident.

It is that you missed the meeting.

unfortunate

unfortunate

4. alive adj. living, not dead

She was still when she was sent to the hospital.

He was buried in the earthquake.

alive

alive

*live, living, lively

She’s a child and popular with everyone.

fish

coverage of the World Cup

languages

lively

live

live

living

5. destroy vt. to damage sth. so badly that it no longer exists, works

The building was by fire.

They’ve all the evidence.

Her husband was killed in the war, which_________

her hopes of happiness.

destroyed

destroyed

6. house vt. to provide a space for

The government will take measures to the refugees.

The gallery 2000 works of modern art.

house

houses

destroyed

7. prevent sb./sth. (from) doing sth.:

stop sb. from doing sth.

Nothing will us (from) reaching our aims.

I was by illness from taking the exam.

prevent

prevented

8.

Tom has been to the Great Wall twice,

and . (他妹妹也去过两次）

If you go there, . （我也去）

so has his sister

so shall I