2015山东省高考压轴卷 英语Word版含解析

第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Do you know that there are actually people who have paid for a flight to the moon? In the future, there will be a lot more opportunities to travel to faraway places than now… perhaps even as far as the moon. As people adventure further and further away and as planes, trains, cars, and rocket ships become faster, is it safer to have these vehicles controlled by humans or by computers?

While many flights by plane are controlled automatically (自动) by machines, most

people today wouldn’t let their car drive itself. That’s because now the autopilot function on your car can only keep it on the same course you are traveling on. It won’t turn the car right or left. It won’t stop if an animal jumps in the way. However, cars today can sense when something is too close and warn the driver with flashing lights and alarms. Many cars also have

GPS（global positioning systems）that tell drivers which road to take and when to turn. These systems, unlike human drivers, never get lost. In the future, it is easy to believe that your car will

be better able to drive itself with the aid of computers that can determine the position of your car and the speed it should travel at.

?? In addition to computers being ‘smarter’ than people regarding the best way to go or knowing how close another vehicle is, computers don’t get sick, tired, or angry. This means they won’t make the same mistakes that people make when they are not having a good day. While responding with emotion is a good thing when choosing the best way to deal with a friend’s personal problem, it may not be such a good thing when deciding what to do at the wheel of a fast-moving vehicle.

So what are the disadvantages of autopilot systems?? Maybe one disadvantage is that

a small computer problem could cause a serious accident. It could also be argued that in unexpected situations, computers might not be able to respond properly ; some decisions require human emotions. Another problem might be that if everything were controlled by computers or robots, people wouldn’t have any jobs.

?

21. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Development of Autopilot???? B. Technology of Future Travel

C. A New Driving System??????????? D. Computerized Cars

22. Which of the following is the disadvantage of an autopilot system?

A. It won’t make the same mistakes as people do.

B. It can point out the best route for the driver.

C. It might not respond properly to unexpected situations.

D. It does not have human emotions to influence its function.

23. If some falling rocks roll down toward your car, the autopilot on your car will____________.

A. inform you of the danger???????????? B. turn the car right or left

C. do nothing about it????????????????? D. stop the car

B

Alfred Carlton Gilbert(1884-1961) was a man of many ideas and talents. As a small boy, he kept trying new things. At age 12, he started a sports club for his friends and got their school to have a field day with active games and prizes. As he grew and practiced, Gilbert became skilled at pole vaulting（撑杆跳高）, pull-ups, the long jump and football.

Gilbert broke the world record for pull-ups in 1900 and the distance record for running long dive in 1902. And he won a gold medal in the pole vault at the Olympic Games in 1908. By that time, he had nearly finished medical studies. Choosing not to make medicine his career, Gilbert co-founded Mysto Manufacturing, a manufacturer of magic sets, in 1907. Gilbert had amused his friends and earned college money by doing magic tricks, so he knew what was needed. One day, Gilbert saw workers using steel girders（钢梁） to build towers for power lines. That gave him the idea for the Erector Set, a popular construction toy.

In 1917, the Council of National Defense thought no toys should be produced for Christmas because the country was fighting in World War I. Gilbert and other men from the Toy Manufacturers of America went to Washington, with about 40 different toys. They had 15 minutes to speak. This meeting was at the end of a long, hard day. Gilbert told the government men at the meeting how toys helped children learn. His helpers brought out the toys. Soon, the tired government men were on the floor, playing with building sets, models of navy ships, and other toys. The time limit was forgotten; so was the Christmas toy ban（禁令）.

Gilbert spent the rest of his life improving erector sets. His company made and sold the sets, plus chemistry and other science sets and toy trains. He made items for homes, businesses, and the army. When he died in 1961, he had 150 patents （专利）for his many inventions. But his main joy was in helping children learn and have fun at the same time.

24. What’s the right order of the events about Gilbert?

a. He argued against a ban on toy production.

b. He broke the world record for pull-ups.

c. He set up a manufacturer of magic sets.

d. He started a sports club for his friends.

e. He won a gold medal in the pole vault.

A. b, d, e, a, c ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? B. b, a, e, d, c

C. d, b, c, e, a ????????????? ????????????? ????????????? D. d, c, e, b, a

25. The story mentioned in paragraph 3 shows that _____.

A. Gilbert’s toys interested not only children but adults

B. toys could help children learn about World War I

C. toys were a danger to the Council of National Defense

D. Christmas toys were not popular during wartime

26. According to the text, Gilbert was known as _____.

A. a teacher, boy-maker and businessman

B. an athlete, inventor and businessman

C. an athlete, writer and businessman

D. a magician, writer and toy-maker

27. What would be the best title for the text?

A. An easy way into the sporting circle.

B. The man who saved Christmas.

C. Influenced of toys on children

D. The amazing Mr. Gilbert.

C

?

A photographer takes a picture of the Chinese bronze rat head and rabbit head sculptures display on the preview of the auction（拍卖） of Yves Saint Laurent and Pierre Berge’s art collection at the Grand Palais in Paris, France, Feb, 21, 2009. Chinese lawyers have asked the French court to stop auction house Christie’s putting two bronze relics（文物）looted (掠夺)from China under the hammer, lawyers said Friday.

A Paris court on Monday ruled against stopping the sale of two looted Chinese bronze sculptures which come up for auction at Christie’s on Wednesday. Under the ruling of the Tribunal de Grande Instance in Paris, the plaintiff（起诉人）, the Association for the Protection of Chinese Art in Europe（APCAE）,was ordered to

pay compensation（赔偿）to the defendant.

Ren Xiaohong, a lawyer for APCAE, told Xinhua that it was “of great significance” to file the lawsuit. “We hope to arouse public attention in Europe on the fate of numerous Chinese works stolen in the past, to help keep those relics well protected and collected,” Ren said.

The Qing Dynasty（1644—1911）relics, the heads of a bronze rabbit and a rat, were among an original set of 12 bronze animal heads that were once decorated at the imperial summer resort Yuanmingyuan. They were looted when the palace was burnt down by Anglo-French allied forces during the Second Opium War in 1860.

The pair became part of a collection of the late fashion designer Yves Saint Laurent. They have been put up for auction by his partner, Pierre Berge. The two items are expected to fetch between 16 million and 20 million euros.

So far, five of the 12 bronze animal heads have been returned to China, while the whereabouts of five others are unknown.

28．The two bronze animal heads were displayed at the Grand Palais in Paris so that?????? .

A．they could be collected and well preserved

B．the photographers could take pictures

C．the public could see them in advance

D．they couldn’t be sold at auction

29．The significance to stop the sale of two bronze animal heads is to????? .

A．fetch between 16 million and 20 million euros

B．draw public attention to the Chinese works stolen in the past

C．make the world know more about history of the Qing Dynasty

D．find the other five bronze animal heads and return them to China

30．Which of the following is NOT true?

A．The 12 bronze animal heads have been put up for auction.

B．The 2 bronze animal heads haven’t been returned to China.

C．The 12 bronze animal heads were used as imperial decoration.

D．Yuanmingyuan was once burnt down by Anglo-French allied forces.

31．The passage is most probably taken from????????????? .

A．a newspaper????????????? ?????????????

B．an advertisement

C．a history textbook????????????

D．an introduction of auction

D

Hu Li's heart sank due to the color of the air. Driving 140 kilometers from Tianjin City to Beijing last week, she held her breath as the air became a charcoal grey haze(炭灰色的阴霾).The 39-year-old businesswoman has lived in Beijing for a decade, and this past month, she said, brought the worst air pollution she has ever seen It gave her husband a cough and left her seven-year-old daughter housebound(足不出户).“My husband as well as I is working here, so we have no choice,” she said. “But if we had a choice, we'd like to escape from Beijing.”

The extended heavy pollution over the last month, which caused punishment in return for a day last week－called the “airpocalypse” by internet users－ has largely changed the way that Chinese think about the country's air. On one day, pollution levels were 30 times higher than levels considered safe by the World Health Organization (WHO).Flights were cancelled. Roads were closed. One hospital in east Beijing reported they had treated more than 900 children for breathing issues. Bloomberg found that for most of January, Beijing's air was worse than that of an airport smoking area.

The smog's(烟雾) most threatening aspect is its high concentration(浓度) of PM 2.5 － particulate matter t