贵州省2015年普通高等学校招生适应性考试

英 语

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分　阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

(A)

Several years ago I was diagnosed with cancer. It was the most difficult time I have ever faced. I think it was my sense of humor that allowed me to hold onto my sanity (心智健全). Like many people who have gone through chemotherapy (化疗), I lost all of my hair, being bald as a golf ball. I always had enjoyed wearing hats, so I ordered several special hats with the hair already attached. It was easy and I never had to worry about how my hair looked.

I have always been a big golf fan. At one point during my cancer treatments, my husband John and I decided to get away from the cold Minnesota winter and took a trip to Scottsdale, Arizona. There was a Senior PGA Tour even called “The Tradition” being played, and that seemed like just the ticket to lift my spirits.

The first day of the tournament brought out a huge crowd. It was a beautiful day, and I was in heaven, I was standing and watching my three favorite golfers in the world approach the tee box (开球区): Jack Nicklaus, Raymond Floyd and Tom Weiskopf.

Just as they arrived at the tee, the unimaginable happened. A huge gust of wind came up from out of nowhere and blew my hat and hair right off my head and into the middle of the fairway (球道)! The thousands of people lining the fairway fell into an awkward silence, all eyes on me. Even my three favorite golfers were watching me, as my hair was in their flight path. I was ashamed! Embarrassed as I was, I knew I couldn’t just stand there. Someone had to do something to get things moving again.

So I took a deep breath and out into the middle of the fairway. I took hold of my hat and hair, put them back on my head as best I could. Then I turned to the golfers and loudly announced, “Gentlemen, the wind is blowing from left to right.”

They said the laughter could be heard all the way to the nineteenth hole.

1. What made the author remain mentally healthy even in her illness?

A. The Tradition. B. The treatment. C. Her family. D. Her humor.

2. The underlined phrase in Para. 3 “in heaven” probably means “___”.

A. scared B. embarrassed C. puzzled D. excited

3. Why did the author go into the fairway to pick up her hat and hair?

A. To amuse the golfers. B. To give a weather report.

C. To have the game restarted. D. To draw others’ attention.

4. We can know from the text that the author ___ .

A. was fond of wearing hats B. was an excellent golfer

C. planed to live in Scottsdale D. felt worried her hair

(B)

Food and drink makers are adding caffeine (咖啡因) to a growing number of products. Is it safe for kids to consume these products?

You may have heard adults say they can’t get going in the morning without a cup of coffee. One reason why they may feel that way is that coffee contains caffeine, a substance (物质) known to improve and increase energy. Caffeine occurs naturally in coffee, tea, and cocoa beans, which are used to make chocolate. But now food makers are adding caffeine to many products, from popcorn and potato chips to water. “It’s possible for all of this caffeine consumption to add up and become dangerous,” says Virginia Stallings, a doctor at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia.

Studies show that too much caffeine can cause inability to sleep, and a racing heartbeat. What’s more, caffeine is habit-forming. Those who consume it regularly and stop suddenly may experience headaches and feel tired.

One of the biggest problems is the large amount of caffeine added to so-called energy drinks, like Red Bull. A 12-ounce can of cola has about 35 milligrams of caffeine. A similar serving of Red Bull contains more than triple (三倍) that amount. Emergency-room visits related to energy-drink consumption were up from 10,068 visits in 2007 to 20,783 in 2011.

Teenagers should be aware of caffeine’s effects on health and on the brain. Take, for example, teenagers who consume caffeine to stay awake and study for a test. The effect? Research shows they may remember less of what they just studied.

So what can be done to protect young people from the harmful effects of caffeine? Michael Jacobson of the Center for Science in the Public Interest, says the FDA needs to set limits on caffeine, especially in energy drinks. The amount of caffeine should be printed on food labels to warn consumers. Doctors say kids should avoid caffeine. If you need extra energy, try these natural methods instead: eating right, exercising, and getting plenty of sleep.

5. According to the text, it’s dangerous to add more ___ to drinks.

A. tea B. chocolate C. yoghurt D. caffeine

6. What should the FDA do in protecting the consumers?

A. Draw up a project about physical exercise.

B. Forbid kids from having water with caffeine.

C. Create a set of standards on caffeine products.

D. Not allow energy drinks to appear in the market.

7. What can we learn from the text?

A. Cola has much more caffeine the Red Bull.

B. More people are suffering from energy drinks.

C. Drinking enough Red Bull can help sleep well.

D. Having too much caffeine can improve memory.

8. The text is written mainly for those ___ .

A. who often have headaches B. who are caffeine-product lovers

C. who usually feel tired D. who are food and drink makers

(C)

As weather cools across the United States, a growing number of Americans visit farms. They harvest apples, enjoy hay wagon rides and walk in the fields. These people are called “agri-tourists”. They improve the economy of rural areas and help farmers increase their profits.

School children are walking in a corn field maze (迷宫). The corn is cut into tricky passageways that make it difficult to find a way out. The children are from Yorktown Elementary School in Bowie Maryland. They have traveled to Montpelier Farms in Prince George’s County which is also in Maryland. The farm is about 40 kilometers from The White House.

Debbie Pierson is the student’s teacher. “We go on these kind of field trips so that the children will have a hands-on experience of what it’s like to be on a farm,” Pierson said.

Amy Etsy-Smith is visiting the farm with her children. “We come about once a year, lots of fun, yes. The kids enjoy it. This was her favorite part, was choosing the pumpkin.” Amy said.

When Mike Dunn opened the family farm to agri-tourists in 2008, he had only a corn maze, a pumpkin field and hay wagon rides. But he says, so many people visited that he soon increased the number of activities. He hopes to make a larger profit from visitors than from farming someday. “Our agri-tourism income might be 30 percent of our entire farm income. We’d like to grow it to one day maybe 60 percent,” Dunn said.

Americans spent more than $700 million on agri-tourism activities in the United States in 2012. That is an increase of 24 percent from 2007.

9. When do Americans prefer to pay a visit to family farms?

A. In spring. B. In summer. C. In autumn. D. In winter.

10. Mike Dunn added some other activities to his farm because he wanted ___ .

A. to earn much more money B. to develop agriculture better

C. to solve problems on farming D. to compete with other farms

11. We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ___ .

A. field trips can help to promote industrial production

B. agri-tourism is becoming more and more popular in America

C. farmers will make more money in farming than farming trips

D. Americans will spend less than $700 million on field trips in 2016

(D)

Have you ever felt somebody else’s pain? You’re not alone, with new research showing some people do have a physical reaction to others’ injuries.

British researchers used brain-imaging technology (影像工程学) to show that people who say they feel the pain of others have heightened activity in pain- sensing brain regions when they see someone else being hurt. For the study, the researchers exposed 108 college students to images of painful situation, ranging from athletes suffering sports injuries to patients receiving an injection. Nearly a third said that, for at least one image, they not only had an emotional reaction, but also felt pain in the same site as the injury in the image.

The researchers found that while viewing the painful images, both people who said they felt pain and those who did not showed activity in the emotional centers of the brain. But those who felt pain showed greater activity in pain-related brain regions compared with the others.

“Patients with functional pain experience pain in the absence of an obvious disease or injury to explain their pain. This confirms that at least some people have an actual physical reaction when observing others being injured or expressing pain,” Dr. Stuart Derbyshire of the University of Birmingham, one of the researchers, told reporters.

He noted that the people reported feeling pain also tended to say that they avoided horror movies and disturbing images on the news – so as to avoid being in pain.

The findings were published in the December issue of the journal Pain.

12. The underlined words “a third” probably refer to ___ .

A. sportsmen experiencing pain B. the 36 students involved in the study

C. patients receiving an injection D. the 108 students exposed to the images

13. The researchers observed the students’ emotional activity in their ___ .

A. brain regions B. eye regions C. faces D. voices

14. If you are allergic to pain, you’d better get away from ___ .

A. reading journals B. seeing scary movies

C. listening to the news D. going to the concert

15. What would be the best title for the text?

A. Emotional Centers of Your Brain B. You Can Use Brain-imaging Technology

C. You Can Feel Others’ Pain D. Painful Images to the Researchers

第二节 (共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

How to relax when you get into a traffic jam

Waiting in a traffic jam is upset, frustrating and stress-producing. 16.___ One of the most stressful occasions of the day is when you are sitting in a traffic jam. It is for t