2015年高考英语长宁一模试卷分析

II. Grammar and vocabulary

Section A

Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

(A)

Many people underestimate the importance of writing skills. They think that as long as they ___25___ speak and understand the language, they?know?it. Truth is, we live in the age of internet and smart phones where most of the communication happens in writing. An ability to express ideas ____26___ a clear and literate way has become extremely necessary for work, study and every day life.

Do you have trouble ___27___(express) yourself in written English? Don’t worry, even native speakers find it difficult.?

Here are some tips that will help you improve your English writing skills:?

1.?Read?as much as you can. It is the best way ___28___(learn) sentence structures and build a vocabulary. We will share a writing for you to read on Facebook every week.

2.?Translate?from your native language into English ___29___ vice versa. However, if you write more, you should start thinking in English. You will know you have become fluent ___30___ you no longer need to translate your thoughts. ?

3.?Use?social media. By posting on Twitter or Facebook , you can get comments and feedback from your peers. It also helps overcome a fear of writing in public. You can always get your writings ___31____(check) by reviewers at Daily Themes?before you share it on other channels.?

4.?Take?an online course. There are a few very good free online courses on writing, English composition, and grammar on Cousera , Alison, edX, and Future Learn. You can take courses on these websites, and share your learning by writing on Daily Themes.?

5.Get?a writing coach at Daily Themes . The fastest way to learn is to have someone, ___32___ has already mastered the language, check your writings.?

Happy writing!?

Keys: can in expressing to learn and once checked who

25

【参考答案】can

【考查内容】情态动词

【试题解析】难度适中。此空后面为动词原型，分析句子不缺成分，因此填情态动词，再根据意思，填can,能够

26

【参考答案】in

【考查内容】介词的固定搭配

【试题解析】难度适中，分析句子不缺主干，名词前面一般放介词，考察固定搭配in a way 以某种方式

27

【参考答案】expressing

【考查内容】非谓语中的动名词

【试题解析】难度适中，易错，考查搭配have trouble (in) doing sth, 因此，填expressing

28

【参考答案】to learn

【考查内容】非谓语中的动词不定式

【试题解析】难度适中，考查名词被最高级修饰时，后置定语用动词不定式，因此the best way to do.

29

【参考答案】and

【考查内容】连词

【试题解析】难度较大，易错，考查vice versa,表示反之亦然，是一个省略句，句与句之间需要连词，根据意思，填并列连词and

30

【参考答案】once

【考查内容】条件状语从句

【试题解析】难度适中，易错，句与句之间缺连词，根据意思和逻辑关系，需要填once ,一旦

31

【参考答案】ch
ecked

【考查内容】非谓语中的过去分词

【试题解析】难度适中，易错，考查搭配get sth done, 把某事做一下

32

【参考答案】who

【考查内容】定语从句

【试题解析】难度适中，主句中插入了一个定语从句，先行词是someone, 从句缺主语

(B)

Children have their own rules in playing games. They seldom need a referee (裁判) and rarely trouble to keep scores. They don’t care much about who wins or loses, and it doesn’t seem to worry them ____33____ the game is not finished. Yet, they like games that depend a lot on luck, __34___ _____ their personal abilities cannot be directly compared. They also enjoyed games that move in stages, in which each stage—the choosing of leaders, the picking-up of sides, or the determining of which side shall start—is almost a game in itself.　　Grown-ups can hardly find children’s game exciting, and they often feel puzzled at __35___ their kids play such simple game again and again. ____36_____, it is found that a child plays games for very important reasons. He can be a good player without having to think whether he is a popular person, and he can find himself being a useful partner to someone of whom he is ordinary afraid. He becomes a leader when it comes to ___37____ turn. He can be confident, too, in particular games, that it is his place to give orders, to pretend to be dead, to throw a ball actually at someone, or to kiss someone he ___38____(catch).　　　It appears to us that when children play a game they imagine a situation ___39____ their control. Everyone knows the rules, and ___40___(importantly), everyone plays according to the rules. Those rules may be childish, but they make sure that every child has a chance to win..

Keys: if so that why However his has caught under more importantly

33

【参考答案】if

【考查内容】条件状语从句

【试题解析】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，根据句意和逻辑关系，填if

34

【参考答案】so that[来源:Zxxk.Com]

【考查内容】目的状语从句

【试题解析】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，根据句意和逻辑关系，填so that ,以便，为了

35

【参考答案】why

【考查内容】宾语从句

【试题解析】难度适中，句与句之间缺连词，放在介词后面的，应该是宾语从句，不缺成分，根据句意，应该填why

36

【参考答案】However

【考查内容】副词

【试题解析】难度较大，易错，意思是但是，填However

37

【参考答案】his

【考查内容】物主代词

【试题解析】难度较大，易错，固定搭配，come to one’s turn, 轮到某人

38

【参考答案】has caught

【考查内容】时态

【试题解析】难度适中，易错，用现在完成时，表示对现在的影响

39

【参考答案】under

【考查内容】介词

【试题解析】难度适中，考察固定搭配under one’s control ,表示受某人控制

40

【参考答案】more
importantly

【考查内容】副词的比较级

【试题解析】难度适中，考察副词的比较级，more importantly 表示更重要的是。

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. extensive B. appeals C. debated D. necessarily E. audience F. confidence

G. delicately H. efficient I. experienced J. withdraw K. decline



A century ago, American political leaders judged public opinions by people's applause and the size of crowds at meeting. This direct exposure to the people's views did not 41 produce accurate knowledge of public opinions. It did, however, give political leaders ___42 in their public support.

Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas 43 each other seven times in the summer and autumn of 1858, two years before they became presidential nominees (总统候选人). Their debates took place before 44 in cornfields and courthouse squares. A century later most presidential debates, although seen by millions, take place before a few reporters and the technicians in television studios. The public's response cannot be 45 firsthand. This distance between leaders and followers is one of the difficult problems of modern democracy. The media provide information to millions of people, but they are not yet so 46 at providing leaders with feedback from the public.

Is government by acclamation (欢呼、欢迎) possible when the scale of communication is so large and impersonal? To make up for the 47 in their ability to experience public opinions for themselves, leaders have turned to science, in particular the science of opinion polling (民意调查).

It is no secret that politicians and public officials make 48 use of public-opinion polls to help them decide whether to run for office, what policies to support, how to vote on importa
nt issues and types of 49 to make in their campaigns. President Lydon Johnson was famous for carrying the latest Gallup and Roper poll results in his pocket, and it is widely believed that he began to 50 from politics because the polls reported losses in public support. All recent presidents and other major political figures have worked closely with polls.

41

【参考答案】D

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为副词，只有DG为副词，根据句意，民众的掌声和人数并不一定能真正地反映出公众的观点。只有D符合句意。

42

【参考答案】F.

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，“然而，在获取民众的支持中，它确实给到政界领导人信心”。

43

【参考答案】C

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为动词，且为动词过去式的形式，只有C和I，根据句意，林肯和道格拉斯在竞选中辩论了7次。所以选C。

44

【参考答案】E

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意，“在观众面前辩论”，所以选E。[来源:学科网ZXXK]

45

【参考答案】I

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题比较容易出错，考生会误认为firsthand是形容词，然后找个副词来修饰。其实不然，在这里，firsthand是副词，前面be动词后要加动词的过去分词构成被动，根据句意，由于不直接面对观众，所以“民众的反映不可能被直接地感受到”所以选I。其实此题下一段有提示，47题空格后面“in their ability to experience public opinions”，这里出现了“体验民众的观点。

46

【参考答案】H

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。[来源:学,科,网Z,X,X,K]

【试题解析】此题判断词性为形容词，根据句意“新闻媒体在给政界领导人提供民众的反馈信息方面却不是很高效”，所以选H。

47

【参考答案】K

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为名词，根据句意“为了弥补他们获得民众反馈的这种能力的下降，他们开始求助于民意调查”，所以选K。注意decline在这里做名词用。

48

【参考答案】A

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为形容词，根据句意“政界要员广泛使用民意调查来帮助他们决定……”make extensive use of“充分利用，广泛使用”。所以选A。

49

【参考答案】B

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题有一定难度，判断词性为名词的复数形式，只有B为名词的复数形式。types of appeals to make，“所做出的各种的呼吁”make an appeal “呼吁、上诉”

50

【参考答案】J

【考查内容】词汇在具体语境中的运用。

【试题解析】此题判断词性为动词原形，根据句意“他开始从政界退出，因为民意调查报道他的公众支持减少”，所以选J。

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Radio began as a point-to-point communication device. In 1919, Radio Corporation of American would charge a fee if you sent a message from one radio to another. Either the senders or the recipients pay the fee. The purpose was basically to undercut the telegraph, and they made their money ____51_____, not by providing radio as a ____52____ but by selling hardware.

In about 1922, radio _____53_____ into a broadcast mechanism. For broadcasting, in the simple sense, there was a ____54____ and it broadcast, and lots of people could hear it. But broadcasting was seen as a way to drive bus
iness to the radio hardware makers. The station
s were ___55_____ by people who made radios or ___56_____, by churches and universities that wanted to get their ___57____ out but weren’t going to make money.

And there was a lot of stuff which sounds very ___58___ today about how this medium was going to ____59____. And in the 20s, Radio Broadcast Magazine _____60____ a $500 prize for the best essay that answered the question: “ Who is going to pay for broadcasting, and how?” The winner suggested a ____61____ on radio listeners. Now, it sounds a little strange to us, but that’s actually the British model. The BBC supports itself by a tax on TV and radio sets.

There was some discussion about ____62____, and Herbert Hoover, the Secretary of Commerce then, was strongly against this idea. He said it was ____63_____ that we should allow so great a possibility for service ___64____ by advertising chatter. The Commerce Department was __65____ radio at the time. After the creation of national radio networks then the pressure – advertisers wanted to go on with it, people who owned the radio