甘肃省张掖市2014届高三第三次诊断考试

英语试题

注意事项：

1. 本卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷两部分，答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置。

2. 本卷满分120分。考试用时100分钟。

3. 答案必须写在答题卡上各题目指定区域内相应的位置，试卷上答题无效。

第一卷

第一部分：阅读理解第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

All people need to sleep. Sleep is a necessary process that promotes proper body functioning and can improve the quality of your life. Not only is the quantity of sleep important, but also the quality of sleep.

Your bedroom should be shaped to your taste and allow you to sleep in a peaceful environment. One of the biggest mistakes people make in their sleep is to use their bedroom for activities other than sleep. If your bedroom also functions as a command station for your life and work, the likelihood of your sleeping being poor is rather high. Bedrooms should be designed, decorated and used for sleep mainly. TVs, computers and other things should not be in your bedroom if at all possible.

Establishing regular sleeping and waking times can help improve the quality of your sleep especially for those suffering from sleeplessness. Avoid hot food, caffeine, sugar and alcohol at least 4 to 6 hours before your sleep time. Develop a regular exercise program. Proper exercise and nutrition will help improve sleeping patterns. However, avoid exercising 2 hours before sleeping, since this may stimulate your body and make sleeping more difficult.

Establish a pre-bedtime rule that will help you focus on sleep. You can try deep thought，reading or deep breathing and relaxation. Your bedtime rule should be yours. Do not worry about it fitting into a specific category. Do what is best for you.

Things such as room temperature, noise and light levels and even your bed mattress(床垫) can have a lot of effect on the quality of sleep that you experience. Block out distracting noises and lights. You are in your bedroom to sleep and not be distracted by environmental interferences.

1. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

How to Deal with Sleep Problems

What is the Process of Sleep

Where Should We Sleep

How to improve Sleep Quality

2. According to the author,

The bedroom has many functions than expected

Computers can make people sleep fast

The bedroom is better used only for sleep

Amusements are forbidden in the bedroom by law.

3. If you have sleep problems,

A well-decorated bedroom is important to you

You’d better have steady sleeping and waking time

Cold food and sugar are good for you

You need proper exercise just before sleep

4. The main idea of the last paragraph is

a good sleep environment contributes to good sleep

blinding lights can make for a good sleep

bed mattress plays a key part in sleep

distracted people are sleepless

Ｂ

　 In English the spelling of words does not always represent the sound. So people say /rait/ but spell it right or write, or even rite. Combinations of letters may be pronounced in many ways. And some words just seem to have too many letters.

　 For Americans things are a little bit easier, thanks to the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778. As a young man, he had fought against the British in the American War of Independence, and he felt that written English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive American look.

　 So he began his work on American English. His first book, The Elementary Spelling Book, suggested simplifying the spelling of English words. The book was extremely popular. By the 1850s, it was selling one million copies a year, making it one of the most popular school books ever.

　 Many of the suggestions were quickly adopted. Center instead of centre, program instead of programme, and flavor instead of flavour. Others, however, such as removing silent letters like s in island or the final e in examine, were not .

Webster is best known for his American Dictionary of the English language, which first appeared in 1828. It introduced lots of new American words, with information about their pronunciation and use, and, of course, the new spelling. The British criticized the dictionary, but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States. Today, Webster's dictionary is still the number one dictionary for American students.　　

5. What is the text mainly about?

　　A. Webster and his best sellers.

　　B. British and American English.

　　C. The history of American English.

　　D. The man who made spelling simple.

6. Which is the right order according to the text?

　　①Webster graduated from Yale University.

　　②American Dictionary of the English language came out.

　　③Webster's book was selling one million copies a year.

　　④Webster took part in the American War of Independence.

　　A. ②①③④ B. ③①②④ C. ④①③② D. ①②③④

7. What can we learn from the text?

　A. All the spelling of words does not represent the sound.

　B. The Elementary Spelling Book was published in the 1850s.

　C. Webster's suggestions were accepted completely.

　D. Webster's dictionary is the best all over the world.

8. What attitude do the British have towards Webster's dictionary?

　A. They thought highly of it.

　B. They found fault with it.

　C. They argued bitterly about it.

D. They followed the examples of it.

C

　　The Couch Surfing network is an online community stretching across the globe with over one and a half million members. The basic concept is to provide a platform for travelers to contact people who are willing to put them up free of charge. Travelers connect with potential hosts online and, if they like each other, exchange details to make farther arrangements.

　　Basil is one traveler from Switzerland who is currently couch surfing with a Chinese host in Beijing. "I thought staying in hostel is nice but you mostly meet foreigners and speak English. If you use Couch Surfing you have chance to meet people living here and really get a chance to know the life of the place you visit. " Basil was speaking during a regular meeting of Beijing network of Couch Surfing with a membership of almost 2,000.

　　Although some people may have concerns about meeting complete strangers and giving them full access to your house, Beijing group member Fred Sharp from California says that the Couch Surfing community is one that generally attracts trustworthy people.

　　"I have never had a problem with guests. I'd say that this Couch Surfing community worldwide is a fairly trustworthy community like I say, always be cautious, make sure that you read everyone's profile that you're considering hosting, and if it doesn't feel right just say' no', it's OK. "

　　Originally launched in the US as a non-profit organization in 2004, Couch Surfing is growing fast across the world. China is no exception with around 30,000 members and hundreds more signing up each week. One of them is Beijing resident Hai Yan who joined in November 2009. She says the first time she hosted a guest was a very positive experience. "My first guest was from Italy. He was very kind and helpful. He bought me a present from Italy, a handbag. It's a famous brand!"

　　As the organization grows from strength to strength, hotel owners across the world will be watching very closely and possibly thinking twice about raising their prices too high.

9. The Couch Surfing network is intended to __________ .

A. offer travelers convenience to find suitable hosts for free accommodations

B. provide people with a platform to contact each other

C. find potential hosts who want to supply travelers with couches

D. give reliable information about hotels

10. According to Fred Sharp, ______________.

A. couch surfers can fully rely on Couch Surfing community

B. Couch Surfing community enables you to meet different people

C. Couch Surfing community is trusted by all couch surfers

D. Hosts may form a judgment on couch surfers and make a final decision

11. We can infer from the passage that ________________.

A. Couch Surfing has a long history

B. Hai Yan is satisfied with her host

C. Couch Surfing is getting popular in China

D. Basil works at the Beijing Network

12. The last paragraph suggests that hotels will ___________ .

A. be replaced by the organization B. probably not charge too much

C. not consider raising their prices D. show no concern about the organization

D

Wikipedia The Online Know-It-All

If you want to find out a piece of information about anything, the best place to search for it is Wikipedia. The name “Wikipedia” is from the Hawaiian word wiki, meaning “quick”. This online encyclopedia (百科全书) is written by thousands of people around the world. Anyone with Internet access can write, add or make changes to Wikipedia articles if he or she finds it incorrect or not well written. In this way, people who know a lot about a certain subject can write about it even if they are not university professors. But contributions cannot damage Wikipedia because many experienced editors are watching pages and techies (技术专家) can write editing programs to keep track of or correct bad edits. Where there are disagreements on how to present facts, editors work together to arrive at an article that fairly represents current expert opinion on the subject.

Wikipedia is quite different from paper-based reference sources in important ways. Unlike printed encyclopedias, it is continually created and updated, with articles on historic events appearing within minutes, rather than months or years.

What’s more, Wikipedia includes articles written in about 285 languages. This fact makes it one of the few websites on the Internet that are truly international. It was started in 2001 by Larry Sanger and Jimmy Wales, as a free online English-language encyclopedia project. Since its creation, it has grown rapidly into one of the largest reference websites, attracting nearly 500?million unique visitors monthly. There are more than 77,000?active contributors working on more than 22,000,000?articles in different?languages. As of today, there