吉林一中2014—2015学年度上学期期中高一英语考试高一英语试题

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一、补全短文（7选5）（注释）





1、Why do some people have many friends while others do not? __1__ However, it is not so. Let's look at two psychological experiments which will give you the key to happy interpersonal relations.

The first experiment is called the “Hawthorne effect” after Hawthorne, Illinois, where the experiment took place. A group of psychologists examined the work patterns of two groups of workers in the Western Electric Company.__2__The psychologists changed the working conditions for one group twice but left the other group alone. They were surprised to find that productivity increase on both occasions and in both groups.

They concluded that the increase in productivity came from the attention given to the workers by the management. It had increased their motivation (积极性) and so they had worked harder. In other words, if you take an interest in others ，they will want to please you and you will have good relations with them.

__3__ After Martin Luther King, Jr was killed in the 1960s, a teacher, Jane Elliott, living in an all – white town decided to help her class of young children understand why the Civil Rights Movement had been necessary in America.

She divided the class into two groups: one with blue eyes and the other with brown eyes. Other eye colours such as hazel or green were excluded from his exercise. Then she told the class that brown－eyed people were cleverer than blue－eyed ones because of an agent (化学作用) for brown colour found in their blood. Blue－eyed people were stupid, lazy and not to be trusted. Jane Elliott did not need to say any more.

The brown－eyed students quickly got used to their new role as the leaders of the class. The blue－eyed students became quiet and withdrawn. Then she discovered something very interesting. Four poor brown－eyed readers began to read fluently in a way they had never done before. __4__ So if you want to be successful and happy, take an interest in others whether they are your classmates or workmates. Congratulate them on their successes and sympathise(同情) with them in their troubles. __5__

A. Before the experiment the management talked to both groups of workers and explained that they wanted to find the best working environment for them.

B. Remember that the way you treat others will decide their attitude and behaviour to you.

C. The second experiment shows what happens to personal relations if you are rude to or ignore(忽略) others.

D. The ones who have more friends usually are those who care about others.

E. Jane Elliott had shown that the way people are treated affects not only their behaviour but also their confidence and their performance.

F．You may even imagine that this ability was something they were born with because it seems so effortless to them.

G. The second experiment tells us what teachers said has a great effect on the students.

2、 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Students will need to use all of their skills in order to understand the reading selections in Reader's Choice. 　　1 These selections provide practice on employing different reading skills to get the message of the writer. They also give students practice in four basic reading skills: skimming, scanning, reading for thorough comprehension, and critical reading.  Skimming involves reading quickly through a text to get an overall idea of its contents. This kind of rapid reading is suitable when you are trying to decide if careful reading is desirable or 2

Like skimming, scanning is also quick reading. However, in this case the search is more concentrated . 3 When you read to find a particular date, or number you are scanning.  Reading for thorough comprehension is carefully reading in order to understand the total meaning of the passage. At this level of comprehension the reader is able to summarize the author's ideas. 4

Critical reading demands that a reader makes judgments about what he or she reads. This kind of reading requires posting and answering questions such as “ 5 ” "Do I share the author's point of view?" and "Am I convinced by the author's arguments and evidence?”

A. Does my own experience support that of the author?

B. Reader’s Choice is one of the most popular magazines in the world.

C. But he has not yet made a critical evaluation of those ideas.

D. The book contains many types of selections on a wide variety of topics.

E. To scan is to read quickly in order to find out specific information.

F. Do I know about the author?

G. when there is no time to read something carefully.

3、

根据短文内容，从下框中的A—F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。

A. The skill to persuade

B. Have the ability to learn

C. The best people employed in the new century

D. A growing need for skilled people

E. Be able to organize

F. The importance of communication



1.

Ability to organize will definitely be important in the corporation of the future. Everywhere there will be a need to organize something: resources, workflow, marketing mix, financial opportunities, and much more, all will demand high levels of organization and reorganization.

2.

Persuasive skills will be used in many ways by the corporation of the future, the most-effective individuals will be those who know how to present information and ideas so that others can understand and support a particular position. Good salesmanship will be essential in many more interactions than we consider today, especially inside the organization.

3. 

Communication skills—careful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description—will be invaluable. In tomorrow's fast-paced（快节奏的）business environment there will be precious little time to correct any misunderstandings. Communications breakdown may well become a fatal corporate disease.

4.

Ability to learn will be above everything else in importance—empowering people to grow in effectiveness and help their companies achieve desired objectives. Some of this skill is innate, but many people enhance their ability to learn—and to relate different aspects of learning—through college and university courses. We believe the liberal arts education experience will prove to be the most valuable type of education for tomorrow's leaders.

5 

The top employees of the coming century will be flexible, creative and motivated toward making a positive difference in the world. They will seek balance, growth and fulfillment in both their work and home environments. The corporation of the future must respond to these needs and desires; otherwise they will find themselves hampered by a lack of qualified people to accomplish the organization's work.

4、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

The First Americans

There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America. The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Sibria to Alaska. The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.

Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared. The settlers, who I shall call the “First Americans”，could not return to their homeland. __1__

For the next few thousand years, the First Americans migrated south and east throughout North and South America. They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10,000 miles. __2__

In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean.__3__ In the brief summer, they gathered berries and other plants. In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer. It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.

Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers(悬崖居民). They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs.__4__The dwellings they constructed in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.

__5__They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year. They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.

In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world. They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.

A．They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.

B．Along the way, they established many different civilizations.

C．The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.

D．They would have to survive in the New World they had discovered.

E．They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.

F．People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.

G．They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.

5、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Value of Tears

Tears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give a runny nose. Tears leave you embarrassed and without energy. Still, crying is a fact of life, and your tears are very useful. Even when you're not crying, they make a film over the eye's surface. __51__

When tears fall, they reduce stress. But we tend to fight them for all sorts of reasons. “People worry about showing their emotions(情绪), afraid that once they lose control they'll never get it back.”__2__After we cry, the feelings that caused the tears often disappear.

Sometimes people become much stressed and can't cry. Whatever emotion they are feeling—shock, anger, fear, or sadness—is being held bac