Unit 19 Jobs

扩展资料

Women’s rights

　　One of the hottest issues in the 1970s was that of women’ a rights. They are made up more than 50 percent of the population. Despite being majority, they did not enjoy the same rights as men. Most women working outside the home found themselves in low-paying, low-level jots only a small number were hired as doctors, lawyers, or executives. Other jobs, such as truck driving and carpentry, were not considered suitable for women at all. Even when women performed the same jobs as men they often received less money. Since the 1960s, many women like Betty Friedan and Gloria Steinem had been working for Women * s rights. In the 1970s, the women’s rights movement gained strength. People realization that men and women should be treated equally.

Employment of Chinese women

　　Since 1949, the number of employed women in China has been going up. In 1949, there were only 600,000 women workers, making up 7. 5% of the work force; by 1991 the number had risen to 55 million, or 38% . Women workers can be found in all areas of the national economy, in industry, communications and transportations, post and telecommunications, construction industry, culture and education, public health, scientific research, and urban public services.
　　In rural areas, they are playing an important role in many areas. By 1992, 340,000 women had acquired certificates of peasant technicians. In recent years, with the development of township-run factories, 13 million women have become non — agricultural workers. Involvement in market economy has brought about a marked increase in women’s income. In some professions and some areas along the east coast, some women are earning more money than their husbands. The improvement of women’s economic position has led to the improvement of their position in the family as well as in the society.
　　The reform has given new opportunities to women in employment, but it has also brought, new problems. New opportunities often mean a heavier workload than belt for women, for they are still weighed down with housework and childcare - Many women now find that they do not have the professional qualifications to compete women for the newly created jobs. Feeling keenly their inadequacy, Chinese women trying to raise their educational level in every possible way.

Ladies First in the West

　　Who goes first and who follows, and the extent to which women are emancipated are some of the remaining variables in today s social world in the West. Women in the West are reason ably accepted in the business world and even more so in society, in educational establishments, and in community endeavors. They take part in sports activities with their husbands and often travel widely with them, even on business trips. However, despite their grooving sense of equality, most of them still expect, receive, and cherish a number of small special courtesies.
　　Many men still rise when ladies enter the room on a social occasion—rarely in business—although the custom is fading with the younger generation and under the impact of Women’s Lib. Nevetheless, most women (of all ages) still appreciate this courtesy when it occurs.
　　Men usually open doors for ladies, but they stand back and allow them to go through first. This may be different in China, for the Chinese women traditionally follow the men. Women in the West usually walk ahead of men into a room or theatre or restaurant unless there is business to be done — such as choosing a table, handling tickets or buying something. Then the man goes ahead to attend to the details.

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