Unit 1 In the library

1. 正误例析
误：We often lend all kinds of books from the school library.
正：We often borrow all kinds of books from the school library.
解析 本题主要是对两个“借”borrow和lend的确切含义不清，borrow是指把东西借过来， 常和from搭配使用，lend是指把东西借出去，常和to搭配使用。
辨析borrow, lend 和keep
这三个词在汉语中都可译为“借”，但其用法不同，不能互换。对于动词的主语是“借进”则用borrow, 其句型为“borrow…from…”
　　I borrowed a book from the school library this afternoon. But I can't find it now.
　　对于动词的主语是“借出”则用lend, 其句型为“lend …to…”
　　I can lend my bike to you, but you mustn't lend it to others.
　　如果所借的东西要保留一段时间，用keep。
　　—How long can I keep the book?这本书我可以借多久？
　　—Two weeks.两个星期。

2. 找出句中的错误并改正。
　　She bought a dictionary and paid for $ 25.
　　分析与解答：pay这里为动词，意思是“付款；给……报酬”，主要用法有：pay for sth， /pay money for sth./ pay sb. for sth.。而题中则为 pay for money，没有注意到pay for的用法， 应改为paid $ 25（for it）。

pay与 spend
　　这两个词词义相近，都有“花费钱财”的意思。但使用介词不同，pay习惯上同for连用，spend习惯上同on连用，也可用for连用。试比较：
　　我花了五元钱买那本书。
　　I paid five yuan for that book. It's not dear.
　　I spent five yuan on (for) that book. It's not dear.
　　pay可表示“付给某人款”，spend不能；pay for可作为词组，表示“付（某物）的款”spend 也不能。spend可用于表示“花费时间”，可用于spend…time in doing sth. (或on sth.), pay不能这样用。如：
　　I haven't paid the doctor yet. I'll pay him next time.
　　I've already paid for the fish yet. I can take it home and cook it for lunch.
　　He doesn't spend much time on his homework. That's why he has failed in the test.
　　She spent quite a lot of time (in) doing that. That's why she has done such a good job.

3. 我刚才做完作业。
　　误：I just finished my homework.
　　正：I have just finished my homework.
　　析：just表示“刚刚”之意时一般和现在完成时连用。但用于系表结构的句子时可用一般现在时。如：I'm just back from work. 我刚下班回来。

　　例2 I haven't ____to them____.
　　　　A. written, in 1990　　 B. written, last week
　　　　C. wrote, yesterday 　　D. written, this month
　　解析 此题中的haven't为助动词，故该题须用现在完成时态。现在完成时态是指过去发 生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间连用。所以答 案是D。

4. 根据句意选择合适的词语并用其正确形式填空。
　　1. Peter is ______computer games and he is a good ______. (play; player)
　　2. My uncle ______be a soldier. Now he is an office worker in a company.
Stamps are ______sending letters, (used to; used for)
　　3.A: What do you ______the modern drama?
　　　B: I ______the actors are good and the music is beautiful, (think; think of)
　　4.A: Li Lei wants to ______some books on chemistry from you.
　　　B: Oh, I’m very happy he is interested in chemistry and I will ______him. (lend; borrow)
　　5. Who ______the vat (缸) with water? It’s ______now. (full; fill)
　　6. I have ______my ticket, so I have to ______the good concert tonight, (miss; lost)
　　答案1．playing（此句意思是正在打游戏机。所以需要一个动词的现在分词形式。）player（此句根据句意且前面有冠词a所以需要填一个名词。）2．used to（此句意思是：我叔叔以前是个士兵。根据句意和空后面的动词原形所以要填used to + v．（动词原形） used for（此句意为“邮票是用来寄信的”应为被动语态。） 3．think of（此句句型是 What do you think of sth.? 意思是：你认为……怎么样？） think（… think +从句。此句意思是：我认为演员不错，音乐很美。）4．borrow（此句句意是借进，另外从句子中有from可知应该用borrow sth. form…。） lend（此句意思是：我会/将借给他，借出应该用lend。） 5．has filled（此句空处需要一个动词；意思是：谁把水缸灌满了水。过去的动作但强调的是对现在的影响，因此用现在完成时。）full（be动词后应接形容词作表语表示状态，意思是：水缸现在是满的。）6．lost（此句意思是：我把票丢了，现在票没了。所以用过去分词。miss（我不得不错过这场音乐会。）