2013高考英语考点语法单选超级归纳

二、名词和主谓一致

I. 名词的种类

专有名词

普通名词



国名地名人名，团体机构名称

可数名词

不可数名词





个体名词

集体名词

抽象名词

物质名词



特别注意名词类别的相互转换

个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换

例 句

意 义

名词性质



①She held some flowers in her hand.

②The trees are now in flower

花儿

个体名词





开花

抽象名词



①Youth is beautiful.

②He is a youth of twenty

青春

抽象名词





年轻人

个体名词



①They have achieved remarkable success in their work.

②—How about the Christmas evening party?

—I should say it was a success.

成功

抽象名词





成功的事

个体名词



物质名词与个体名词的相互转换

例 句

意 义

名词性质



①Iron is a kind of metal.

②Please lend me your iron.

铁

物质名词





熨斗

个体名词



①He broke a piece of glass.

②He broke a glass.

玻璃

物质名词





玻璃杯

个体名词



①I bought a chicken this morning

②Please help yourself to some chicken

小鸡

个体名词





鸡肉

物质名词



抽象名词与个体名词的转换

具有动作意义的抽象名词加用与某些动词（如：have等）连

用，表示某一次短暂的动作

①—I’d like______information about the management of your hotel,please.

—Well, you could have____word with the manager. He might be helpful

A.some,a B.an,some C.some,some D.an,a

②They sent us word of the latest happenings. 消息 （抽象名词）

A.a B.an C./ D.the

③Could we have word before you go to the meeting? 话（个体名词）

A.a B.an C./ D.the

类例：have a dream/a rest/a smoke/a swim/a trip/a wash/a discussion/a look

take a walk/a bath make an advance(进步)/make an early start(早点出发)

/make a decision/make a change/give a cry of pain(发出痛苦的叫声) /give a try