2017届高三第一次检测

英语试题

本试卷分第I卷 (选择题) 和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。考试用时120分钟，满分150分。

考试结束，将答题卡交回。

第I卷 （共100分）

1．答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径 0 . 5 毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，井贴好条形码。请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2．每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分40分)

(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

When 19-year-old Sophia Giorgi said she was thinking of volunteering to help the Make-A-Wish Foundation (基金会)，nobody understood what she was talking about. But Sophia knew just how important Make – A –Wish could be because this special organization had helped to make a dream come true for one of her best friends. We were interested in finding out more, so we went along to meet Sophia and listen to what she had to say. Sophia told us that Make – A –Wish is a worldwide organization that started in the United States in 1980. “It’s a charity(慈善机构)that helps children who have got?very?serious illnesses. Make – A –Wish helps children feel happy even though they are sick, by making their wishes and dreams come true,” Sophia explained.? We asked Sophia how Make – A –Wish had first started. She said it had all begun with a?very?sick young boy called Chris, who had been dreaming for a long time of becoming a policeman. Sophia said lots of people had wanted to find a way to make Chris’s dream come true ----so, with everybody’s help, Chris,?only seven years old at the time, had been a “policeman” for a day. “when people saw how delighted Chris was when?his?dream came true, they decided to try and help other sick children too, and that was the beginning of Make – A –Wish,” explained Sophia. Sophia also told us the Foundation tries to give children and their families a special, happy time. A Make-A-Wish volunteer visits the families and asks the children what they would wish for if they could have anything in the world. Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the?ones?who helped to make the wishes come true. They do this?either by providing things that are necessary, or by raising money or helping out in whatever way they can.

21. Sophia found out about Make-A-Wish because her best friend had _________?.?????A.?dreamed about it??? B. told the author about it??? C.?benefited?from?it?? D. volunteered to help it?22. According to Sophia,?Make-A-Wish??__________?.??? A. started by drawing the interest of the public B. was understood by nobody at first? C. raises money for?very?poor families D. is an international charity

23. What is said about Chris in Paragraph3???? A. He has been a policeman since he was seven. B. He gave people the idea of starting Make-A-Wish. C. He wanted people to help make?his?dream come true. D. He was the first child Make-A-Wish helped after it had been set up.24. Which of the following is true about Make-A-Wish volunteers? A. They are important for making wishes come true. B. They try to help children get over their illnesses. C. They visit sick children to make them feel special. D. They provide what is necessary to make Make-A-Wish popular.

B

The word proactivity is fairly common in management literature, but you won't find it in the dictionary. It means that as a human being you take responsibility for your own life.

Look at the word responsibility: ability to choose your response, response-ability. Effective people are proactive because they take responsibility. Their behavior is a product of their own decisions, based on values, rather than being a product of their own conditions, based on feelings. For instance, you are planning a picnic with your family. You're excited. You have all the preparations．You've decided where to go, and then it becomes stormy, killing your plan. Proactive people carry weather within them. They realize what their purpose really was, and they creatively have a picnic elsewhere even if it's in their own basement with some special games, and make the best of that situation. The opposite of being proactive is to be reactive. Reactive people would say, "What's the use?" "We can't do anything." "Oh, this is so upsetting after all of our preparations and arrangements." They try to persuade the people around them and usually the picnic will be cancelled.

Being proactive is really just being true to your human nature. Your basic nature is to act, and not to be acted upon. That's true, despite widely accepted theories of determinism used to explain human nature. Determinism says that you don't really choose anything and that what you call choices are nothing more than automatic responses to outside conditions.

The language of reactive people is like: " I can't." " Don't have time." " I have to." " I must." The whole spirit of that language is the transfer of responsibility. They think things are determined by their environment, or by their conditions, or their genetic makeup. Psychologically, people who believe they are determined will produce the evidence to support the belief, and they increasingly feel victimized and out of control. They're not in charge of their life at all.

On the contrary, a proactive person exercises free will, the freedom to choose the response that best applies to his values. In that way, he gains control over the circumstances, rather than being controlled by them.

25. According to the passage, a proactive person's behavior can result from __________?.

A. the environment B. an inner belief

C. the genetic makeup D. a temporary feeling

26. When a picnic plan is threatened by a sudden storm, reactive people will probably __________?.

A. have the picnic as planned B. complain and give up the picnic

C. make the best of the picnic D. find somewhere else for the picnic

27. What does "carry weather within them" in the second paragraph probably mean?

A. Give in to the weather passively. B. Manage to improve the weather.

C. Stress the influence of the weather. D. Find a solution to the weather problems.

28. It can be concluded from the passage that determinists (宿命论者) __________?.

A. are similar to proactive people B. are in charge of themselves

C. accept things passively D. respond to outside conditions actively

C

Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?

UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition "depending on who needs it".

Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.

Simard talks about "mother trees", usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down "mother trees" with no awareness of these highly complex "tree societies" or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.

"We didn't take any notice of it," Simard says sadly. "Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them chance." If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.]

29. The underlined sentence "the opposite is true" in Paragraph 2 probably means that trees __________?.

A. compete for survival B. protect their own wealth

C. depend on each other D. provide support for dying trees

30. "Mother trees" are extremely important because they __________?.

A. pass on nutrition to young trees

B. look the largest in size in the forest

C. seem more likely to be cut down by humans

D. know more about the complex "tree societies"

31. The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to __________?.

A. how forestry industry develops

B. how trees grow old

C. how "tree societies" work

D. how young trees survive

32. What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Trees Are More Awesome Than You Think

B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection

C. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans

D. Trees Contribute To Our Society

D

What to do this weekend in London

Beach Camp

Walpole Park, Mattock Lane, Ealing, W5 (020 8579 5436), today and tomorrow (and until Thurs), midday-6pm, children ￡5, adults free.

Spend a day at the seaside without having to travel out of London. This children’s event is part Ealing’s Summer Festival, and there’s the added bonus that, if it rains, you don’t have to pack up and go home either, as the ‘beach’ will be in a weatherproof tent.

The Blue Peter Experience

BBC Experience, Broadcasting House, Portland Place, W1(0870 603 0304), today and tomorrow,10am-6pm, adults ￡7.50, children ￡4.95.

The show may be over for the summer but now, with this new exhibition, young fans can find out about life behind the scenes on the long-running children’s programme. There’s the chance to have a go at presenting the show, watch clips of some of the funniest moments, as well as discovering endless fascinating facts about the programme.

Out of Asia

Victoria Embankmen Garden, Villiers St, WC2(020 7375 0441), today and tomorrow, 2pm-6pm, free.

This family event celebrates the music, dance and drama of India, China and Bangladesh. For more free entertainment, head across the bridge to the National Theatre, which has a programme of o