本试卷共三部分，满分135分,考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。

2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

I.语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 完形填空 （共15小题； 每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从 1―15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Anyone who has been a parent knows that raising children is a tough job. It is filled with as many difficult and? 1 moments as with moments of joy. Children don’t come with an instruction manual(说明书). And each child is? 2 . So parents sometimes feel? 3 , not knowing what to do. But in raising children—as in all of life—what we do is? 4 ?by our culture. Naturally then, American parents teach their children basic American? 5 ?. To Americans, the goal of parents is to help children become? 6 . From?childhood, each child may get his or her own room. As children grow, they get more? 7 ?to make their own choices.?Teenagers?choose their own forms of entertainment, as well as the friends to??share??them with. When they?reach young adulthood, they? 8

their own jobs and marriage?partners. Of course, many young adults? 9 seek their parents’ advice and approval for the choice they make. But once they “ 10 the??nest?” at around 18 to 21 years old, they want to be on their own, not tied?to their mother’s apron strings (围裙带). The? 11 between parents and children in America is very informal. American parents try to treat?their children as individuals（个体）—not as 12 of themselves. They 13 them to achieve their own?dreams?. Americans praise and encourage their children to give them the? 14 to succeed. When children become adults, their relationship with their parents becomes more like a ? 15 ?among equals.? But?contrary to popular belief, most adult Americans don’t make their parents pay for room and board when they come to?visit. Even as adults, they respect and honor their parents.

1.

A. delightful

B. meaningful

C. hopeful

D. painful



2.

A. strange

B. different

C. new

D. similar



3.

A. excited

B. frightened

C. puzzled

D. surprised



4.

A. influenced

B. made

C. controlled

D. changed



5.

A. services

B. standards

C. language

D. values



6.

A. brave

B. active

C. independent

D. optimistic



7.

A. freedom

B. space

C. time

D. money



8.

A. love

B. change

C. design

D. choose



9.

A. still

B. then

C. thus

D. therefore



10.

A. build

B. get

C. enter

D. leave



11.

A. conversation?

B. relationship

C. competition

D. gap



12.

A. friends

B. children

C. teenagers

D. extensions



13.

A. allow

B. force

C. forbid

D. persuade



14.

A. dependence

B. trust

C. belief?

D. confidence



15.

A. friendship

B. citizenship

C. membership

D. leadership





第二节?语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。

At one point along an open highway, I came to a crossroad with a traffic light. I was alone on the road, but? 16 I drove up to the light, it turned red, and I braked to 17 stop. I look left, right, and behind me. Nothing. Not?a car, no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat, waiting for the light? 18 (change) .?I was the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.?

I started wondering? 19 I refused to run the light. I was not afraid of being caught by the police, because there was? 20 (obvious) no policeman anywhere around and there certainly would have been no danger in going??through??it. Much 21 (late) that night, the same? question of why I? 22 (stop) for that light came back?to me. I think I stopped because it’s part of a contract (合同) we all have??with??each other. It’s not only the law, but it’s an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor? 23 : we don’t go through red lights. Like most of 24 , I’m?more ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social agreement that disapproves of it than by any law? 25 it.?

II.阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节 阅读理解 （共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

“I think it’s a great thing when I know it’s going to help someone else.” said l3-year-old Spencer Goldstein, after collecting hundreds of pieces of baseball equipment for kids who can not afford to buy their own.

Spencer collected the bats, balls, gloves, helmets and masks for his mitzvah(德行)project, which is a community service project that many Jewish kids do around their bar or bat mitzvahs(成人礼). A bar mitzvah is a ceremony for a boy while a bat mitzvah is intended for a girl. The ceremony means that you are old enough to take on a grown-up’s responsibilities.

Spencer got the idea for his mitzvah project after seeing the Ugandan national team at last year’s Little League World Series. Some of the Ugandan players didn’t even have their own gloves. And Spencer’s donations are going to a group called “Pitch for Baseball”——a group that gives baseball equipment to kids in low-income communities around the world.

Mollie Schwartz and Mia Schwartz also came up with a sports-related mitzvah project. The money they raised went to the Israel Sport Center for the Disabled. They raised at least $9,000——enough to pay for at least three wheelchairs made for playing basketball.

In Massachusetts, Abigail Miller decided to collect musical instruments for her mitzvah project. The instruments Abigail collected were then donated to groups that distribute them to kids who can’t afford to buy them. “I want to make sure everybody can get the chance to enjoy music like I do,” Abigail said. Abigail collected more than three-dozen instruments——wind instruments, string instruments, keyboards, and even a drum set.

Whether it’s playing sports, playing music or something else, kids such as Spencer, Mollie, Mia and Abigail are using their mitzvah projects to change the world for the better. “They learned about generosity, ’’ said Mollie’s mother, Loft Schwartz, “and the power to make things happen”.

26. How did Spencer feel after collecting some baseball equipment?

A. Tired. B. Proud. C. Confident. D. Upset.

27. Spencer planned to begin to collect baseball equipment .

A. when he was only thirteen years old

B. after he found his classmates still living in poverty

C. when he found a group offering equipment to others

D. after he saw some players wearing no gloves

28. What do we know about Abigail Miller from the text?

A. She helped many kids have fun with music through her efforts.

B. She hoped more things would be given to those kids.

C. She sent the things she collected directly to those in need.

D. She collected sports equipment for the disabled.

29. From the passage we can know .

A. some kids are famous for their funny projects

B. the requirements are different for boys and girls

C. few girls are willing to do the mitzvah projects

D. not all mitzvah projects are related to sports

30. What can we learn from the text?

A. Determination. B. Bravery. C. Generosity. D. Honesty.

B

If you saw another kid ride her bike too fast around a corner and fall down, you might ride your bike more slowly on that turn. Yes, we humans are very sensitive to others’ mistakes. And the same is true for other animals. Animals mess up all the time. They might eat poisonous leaves, fall off a tree or let their prey(猎物) slip away. By watching others fail, an animal can avoid making the same mistakes, thus improving its chance of survival.

Scientists suspected that one part of the brain helps animals process information about others’ errors. Cells in that part appear to become more active when a person sees someone else making a mistake. But researchers didn’t know whether individual cells in this part of the brain play different roles in detecting errors.

To investigate the brain’s response to errors in more detail, the researchers taught a game to two macaques, a type of monkey. One monkey could press a yellow or green button while the other watched. If the first monkey pressed the right button, the team gave both animals a treat. Every couple of rounds, the two monkeys switched roles. Meanwhile, the scientists monitored individual cells in the animal’s brains.

When the first monkey messed up the game by pressing the wrong button, a group of cells in the second monkey’s brain fired. But if the second monkey also made the wrong choice during its turn, some of the cells in that group didn’t respond. Those unresponsive cells reacted specifically to mistakes made by others, not to the monkey’s own mistakes.

Scientists believe other parts of the brain also might help people process information about another’s errors. “You start to think about this other person and see things from his angle.” Ellen de Bruijn told Science News. She studies the brain at the University of Leiden in the Netherlands.

31. According to Paragraph l, animals’ ability to learn from others’ mistakes .

A. used to be ignored by humans B. helps them to survive better

C. is being lost because of humans D. ensures that they will never fail

32. The underlined word “detecting” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”.

A. correcting B. making C. drawing D. sensing

33. From the game the scientists taught to two macaques, we can see .

A. animals can avoid the same mistakes B. which part of the brain is more active

C. how the brain responds to mistakes D. how the brain processes information

34. In the experiment mentioned, those unresponsive cells are only sensitive to .

A. others’ mistakes B. the same buttons

C. one’s own mistakes D. the monkey’s brain

35. What’s the main idea of the passage?

A. Animals can learn from mistakes like human beings.

B. An intere