惠州市2015届高三第二次调研考试英语试题

2014.10

本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分135分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：

1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的市（县）/区、学校、班级、

姓名、准考证号、试室号和座位号填写在答卡的密封线内。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案；不能答在试题卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在另发的答题卷各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将答题卷和答题卡一并交回。

Ⅰ 语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Some people think if you are happy, you are blind to reality. But when we research it, happiness actually ___1___every single business and educational outcome for the brain. How did we ___2___ this? Why do we have these social misunderstandings about happiness? Because we assumed you were ___3___.

When we study people, scientists are often interested in what the average is.

　　Many people think happiness is genetic. That's only half the story, because the average person does not fight their ___4___. When we stop studying the average and begin ___5___ positive outliers(离群值) -- people who are above average for a positive aspect like optimism or intelligence -- a ___6___ different picture appears. Our daily decisions and habits have a huge impact upon both our levels of happiness and ___7___.

　 ___8___, happiness is a choice. It is a choice about where your single processor brain will devote its finite resources as you process the world. If you scan for the ___9___ first, your brain really has no resources left over to see the things you are grateful for or the meaning embedded（嵌入） in your work. But if you scan the world for the positive, you start to acquire an ___10___advantage.

　 I wrote the cover story for the Harvard Business Review magazine on "Happiness Leads to Profits." Based on my article called "Positive Intelligence" and my research in The Happiness Advantage, I ___11___ our researched conclusion: the single greatest advantage in the modern economy is a ___12___ and busy workforce.

A decade of research in the business world ___13___ that happiness raises nearly every business and educational ___14___: increasing sales by 37%， productivity by 31%， and ___15___ on tasks by 19%， as well as a number of health and quality-of-life improvements.

1

A. rises

B. arises

C. raises

D. realizes



2

A. think

B. miss

C. know

D. understand



3

A. usual

B. single

C. unique

D. average



4

A. bodies

B. faces

C. genes

D. fates



5

A. researching

B. discovering

C. finding

D. observing



6

A. mildly

B. hardly

C. crazily

D. wildly



7

A. interest

B. success

C. safety

D. failure



8

A. Scientifically

B. Fortunately

C. Gradually

D. Strangely



9

A. active

B. passive

C. negative

D. positive



10

A. interesting

B. embarrassing

C. annoying

D. amazing



11

A. talked

B. summarized

C. thought

D. underlined



12

A. silly

B. funny

C. common

D. happy



13

A. means

B. proves

C. wishes

D. hopes



14

A. outcome

B. answer

C. cause

D. reality



15

A. behavior

B. mistake

C. accuracy

D. possession





第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。

Once upon a time, there was a gang of evil goblins（小妖精) who lived in a forest. They spent a lot of their time__16 (make) fun of a poor old man who could now hardly move, see, or hear. They showed no respect for __17 age.

The situation became so extreme that Great Wizard （男巫） decided to teach the goblins __18__ lesson. He cast a spell , and from that moment, every insult（侮辱）___19 _was directed at the old man made the old man better, __20 _ had the opposite effect on the goblin who was doing the insulting. Of course, the goblins knew nothing about 21__ was happening. The more they called the man an “old fool”, the__22 (young) of mind he became, while the goblin who __23__(shout )at him aged rapidly, and became a little more foolish.

As time went on, those evil goblins were becoming terribly old , ugly, stupid, and clumsy __24__ even realizing it. Finally, the Great Wizard allowed the goblins to see themselves, and__25__ (surprise)they saw that they had turned into the disgusting creatures we now know as trolls（巨魔）.

Ⅱ 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)

阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A?

Why don’t so many Americans accept the theory of evolution? A 2001 Gallup Poll?found that 45 percent of Americans agree with the statement “God created the human being pretty much in their present form at one time within the last 10,000 years or?so ”, while 37 percent preferred a mixed belief that “Human beings have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God guided this process”, and only 12percent accepted the standard scientific theory that “Human being have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God had no part in this process”.

There are at least four reasons to make people resistant to accepting evolution.

1.?The warfare model of science and religion. The belief that there is a war between science and religion where one is right and the other is wrong, and that one must choose one over the other.

2.?The belief that evolution is a threat to specific religious tenets(信条). Many people attempt to use science to prove certain religious tenets, but when they do not appear to fit, the science is rejected.

3.?Misunderstanding of evolutionary theory. A significant problem is that most people know so little about the theory. In the 2001 Gallup Poll, for example, a quarter of the people surveyed said they didn’t know enough to say whether they accepted evolution or not, and only 34 percent considered themselves to be “very informed ” about the theory.

4.?The fear that evolution degrades our humanity. Darwin revealed us to be “mere animals”,?subject to the same natural laws and historical forces as all other animals.

Believers should embrace science, especially evolutionary theory, for what it has done to uncover the magnificence of the divinity(神学) in a depth never dreamed by our ancient ancestors. We have learned a lot in 4,000 years, and that knowledge should never be denied. Instead, science should be welcomed by all who cherish human understanding and wisdom.

26. According to the Poll, most people in America believe_____________.

A. human beings have developed from less advanced forms of life

B. God contributed to the present form of human beings

C. God created human beings in the present form

D. God guided the process of human beings’ development?

27. Which of the following is NOT the reason why people don’t accept evolution?

A. There is always a war between evolution and religion.

B. Some religious tenets can’t be proved by science.

C. Many people don’t know enough about evolution.

D. They fear that we will become “mere animals”.??

28. What can we learn form the passage about evolutionary theory?

A. Whether evolutionary theory is science is a question.

B. It has explained the brilliance of the divinity better than before.

C. It must make religion disappear and they can’t exist at the same time.

D. Darwin made little contribution to the theory.

29. What is the writer’s view on the evolutionary theory?

A. It is not science and should be resisted. B. It is science but should be resisted.

C. It is not science but should be accepted. D. It is science and should be accepted.

30. The author wrote the passage to_________________.

A. tell the readers that many Americans refuse evolution theory.

B. tell the readers why so many Americans refuse evolution theory.

C. advise the readers to value science, including evolution theory.

D. tell the difference between science and religion.

B

Alibaba started taking the lead in China, simply enough, by connecting big Chinese manufacturers(制造商)with big buyers across the world. Its business-to-business site, Alibaba.com allowed business to buy almost everything. Alibaba’s advantage wasn’t hard to identify: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards. Its marketplaces attract 231 million active buyers, 8 million sellers, 11.3 billion orders a year—and Alibaba is just the middleman. It encourages people to use its markets—not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.

If you want a quick look into the influence of Alibaba on daily Chinese life, take my experience. I moved to Beijing almost a year ago and quickly got tired of visiting small stores across the crowded, polluted city of 20 million people in search of new electronics, bathroom furnishings, and anything else my wife wanted. “You’re looking for what exactly? Why not try it? ” my Chinese teacher asked me one day. With that, my wonderful new relationship with Alibaba began.

Alibaba’s original business-to-business model now is secondary to consumer buying. Chinese retail（零售）buying makes up 80% of Alibaba’s profit, and leading that group is Taobao, with 800 million items for sale and the most unbelievable selection of things you’ll ever find. TMall.com is Alibaba’s other big site, where you can find brand name goods from Nike and Unilever near the lowest prices.

What I have a hard time explaining to friends and family back in the U.S. is how China has gone beyond traditional shopping—big-box retailers especially —in favor of online purchases on Taobao and a few other sites. In smaller towns than Beijing, where big retailers have not yet traveled, shopping online is shopping, and shopping is Taobao.

I have a list of some of my recent purchases on Taobao for a sense of how extensive the marketplace is. Almost everything arrived a day or two after ordering with free shipping. I’m not even a big buyer, because I need friends to help me search the Chinese-language site. When I was searching my purchase history on my Chinese teacher’s iPad, which helps me buy goods, I looked through with great difficulty about 10 of her purchases for every one of mine.

31. Alibaba’s advantage mainly lies in ___________.

A. its big size B. it