大庆实验中学2014-2015学年度高三开学初考试英语试题

本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。满分130分，共5页。

第Ⅰ卷（选择题）

第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节,满分40分)

第一节 阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Parents today, especially those in cities, seem devoted to what they think is good for their children. They try to get them the best education and anything else they need to make them a success. They want their children not only to imitate them, but also to exceed(超过)them.

Where does all this leave the child?

The result is that children hardly get to enjoy their childhood and what comes with it. Heavy homework, the pain of trying to excel in class and a busy schedule leave today’s children no time to do what comes naturally to them. They spend most of the time confined(限制) to the four walls of their homes, where the only two possible things they can indulge in (沉溺于) are television and computer.

But isn’t a child naturally supposed to be naughty? Do we really believe that all the great men and women the world has seen were hard-working and boring in their teens?

In trying to make a model child, parents seem to have brought great pressure upon themselves, too. It’s sad that “submissiveness(顺从，听话)” is too often considered a positive personality in a child. And many parents still believe in the proverb: spare the rod(棍子) and spoil the child.

But only those children who grow up getting the respect of others will become citizens who respect others.

It’s time for us to think what we should do to bring fun and dignity back to our children’s lives.

A Whitney Houston song perhaps best shows what we ought to be doing: “I believe the children are our future. Teach them well and let them lead the way. Show them all the beauty they possess inside. Give them a sense of pride to make it easier. Let the children’s laughter remind us how we used to be.”

The author’s attitude toward children is ______.

A. satisfied B. sympathetic C.indifferent D. optimistic

What does the underlined word “excel” in paragraph 3 mean?

To try to catch up with the others.

To do something very well, or much better than most people.

To surprise others by their hard work.

To work day and night for high marks.

The proverb “spare the rod(棍子) and spoil the child” in Paragraph 5 probably means ______.

give a child everything they want except rod, which will harm him

if you do not beat the child when he /she does wrong, you will spoil his/her character

let a child grow healthily like a strong rod

if your child damages the rod, you should teach him/her a lesson

In writing the last paragraph, the author wants to tell us ______.

children are supposed to live in an atmosphere of music

what we used to be as a child

children must be either beautiful or proud to lead a happy life

what we should do as parents

B

China is facing an increasing social burden with the rapid growth of its ageing population.

The ratio between active employees and the retired will reach 2.5 to 1 by 2020, said Li Bengong, executive deputy director of the China National Committee on Ageing, In 1990, it was 10:1 and rose to 3:1 in 2003, posing a “great challenge” to the social welfare system, Li told a press conference.

A white paper issued on Tuesday by the State Council Information Office said that at the end of 2012, China had nearly 144 million people aged over 60, accounting for 11 per cent of its population, and the number is rising by 3 per cent every year.

The number of elderly people is expected to reach 248 million by 2020, and 437 million by 2051, said Li. The ageing population at the end of the first half of the century will account for a fifth of the world’s total, according to estimates by the United Nations.

The white paper said the number of people participating in the basic old-age insurance scheme across the country in 2005 reached 175 million, 43.67 million of whom were retirees (the pay is also a growing threat). But millions more, especially in rural areas, have no welfare guarantees.

The soaring number of senior citizens has also brought challenges to the health and medical system. Li said medical resources consumed by the aged were three to five times higher than other age groups.

To channel funds (为......引资) for medical care, China has been piloting (试验) a co-operative medicare programme in rural areas since 2003. And by last June, the programme covered 495 million rural people, including 73 per cent of the elderly.

What is the main idea of this passage?

The rapid growth of ageing people in China brings social problems.

The retired people should try to earn their own living.

The whole society shouldn’t spend so much on senior citizens.

The aged people make up the majority of the population in China.

How many people aged over 60 were there at the end of 2013 in China according to the passage?

A. 144 million. B. About 148 million. C. 180 million. D. About 16 million.

The rapid growth of ageing people will cause problems in the following aspects EXCEPT ______.

welfare cost B. retirement pay C. health and medical cost D. basic salary

People ______ will suffer most from ageing population problems.

in the urban areas B. in the rural areas

C. who are childless D. who are in poor health

C

DNA tells the story of the race to discover the structure of DNA, and the scientists who changed our understanding of the world and everything in it. The five part-series, to be broadcast from Thursday July 14 at 8:30 pm on ABC TV, also looks at the implications of the scientists’ work for the future of mankind.

The scientists were a small group of pioneers who explore a world too small to see. What they found there answered some eternal questions -- What is life ? How is it made? Why are children like their parents?

DNA is without doubt the most powerful substance on Earth. The order of its chemicals determines whether a child has her mother’s eyes or her father’s smile. But as DNA reveals, until 50 years ago, almost no one knew of its existence. All that changed when two unknown scientists -- Jim Watson and Francis Crick -- ran into a pub (酒馆) in Cambridge shouting that they’d found the secret of life.

This declaration heralded (预示) a momentous discovery, not just for the human race but for the people involved. As this program reveals, it was one of the most heated scientific races the world has ever seen.

Dr Watson takes us back 50 years, guiding us through the events that led to the creation of a double helix (螺旋) model being built by Dr Francis Crick and himself. He tells how he and Crick beat all the odds to find the double helix first and win the Nobel Prize.

The program reveals others involved with the DNA story, including Maurice Wilkins, who helped create the atom bomb. He became disillusioned (大失所望的) with the science of death and chose the science of life instead, by looking for the structure of DNA.

The purpose of this passage is to ______.

give a TV program summary

B. report on a study on DNA

C. tell the importance of DNA

D. introduce some scientists

According to the passage, what is true of the underlined word “DNA” in the first paragraph?

It is the most powerful substance on Earth.

B. It was found by Jim Watson and Francis Crick.

C. It remained unknown 50 years ago.

D. It reveals many secrets few people ever knew.

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

DNA explained certain eternal questions involving life.

B. Jim Watson and Francis Crick discovered DNA.

C. Few scientists showed interest in DNA study.

D. Maurice Wilkins also did some study on DNA.

We can learn from the passage that Maurice Wilkins ______.

found the secret of life

B. discovered DNA first

C. won the Nobel Prize

D. changed his research field

D

Blogs were mostly just online diaries written by gossipy (爱闲聊的) teenagers, ten years ago. Today, blogs have become a social force with the power to influence the media, and even the government.

It is estimated that the number of blogs on the Internet is between 10 to 32 million. Many of these are personal blogs that people use to keep in touch with their friends. But some are comments on celebrities (名人), politics and current events.

Take Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper for example. Some political experts say he owes his election victory to bloggers.

During the months before the election, former Prime Minister Paul Martin was being investigated for a crime. The newspapers did not write anything about the investigation, nor was it shown on TV. But bloggers made sure the story was on the web. If they had not done this, it’s quite possible that Mr Martin would still be Canada’s Prime Minister.

Studies show that 30% of Americans have read a blog at least once; 40% percent of Canadians have read them. Even if people don’t read blogs regularly, they might still be indirectly affected by them. Besides, many journalists are using blogs to get story ideas. If blogs are influencing mass media, then they are influencing our lives.

Now people are wondering whether blogging will replace other forms of mass media. But media professionals don’t think so. Most bloggers don’t do firsthand reporting. Unlike reporters, they do not travel to the places or meet the people they write about. They rely on mass media for information for their blogs. In fact, many blogs include link to well- known publications.

But blogs might help improve the quality of other media. Reporters are more careful about getting accurate information when they know bloggers will point out their mistakes. If information is power, then blogs give that power to us all.

Blogs have been playing an important role in modern society because ______.

They have been in existence for ten years

B. They have strongly influenced the media

C. They are being used by teenagers

D. People use them to keep in touch with each other

By mentioning the election of Mr. Stephen Harper, the autho