启东市东南中学2013届高三英语考前辅导材料

2013届高三学子们：

高考的钟声即将敲响！经过较为系统且全面的复习，你们在英语方面已取得了很大的进步。其实，复习到现在，你们已经准备得相当充分了，只要你充满信心走进考场，胜利就在向你招手。

下面请跟随我进入模块复习的指导。

第一部分：听力（善于抓住要素)

（1）听力部分的特点：

1．语速：听力部分的朗读速度约为每分钟130--150个单词，低于或相当于高中英语教学大纲中规定的语速。

2．语音：在高考英语的考试说明中，并没有对听力部分的语音做出任何规定。这两年高考英语听力试题一般都是美音。但是语言学习一定要体现出其真实性、交际性和实用性。所以，以后的听力部分肯定也会出现英音，澳大利亚式英语发音，甚至还会有背景音。

3．内容：源于生活，体现生活，和日常生活有密切联系。具体涉及到的话题有：问路，购物，助人，询问时间，问候，新闻，约会，打电话等等。话题的内容基本上都是在教大纲规定的高中生英语知识与能力要求的范围内。

答题前，一定要有足够的时间去阅读试题。(在进行听力测试前，最好不要做其它题目)

（2）审好试题：

在听的过程中，要抓住与问题相关的关键词(如but，however, so, nevertheless等)，要特别注意情景、说话者的角色和简单的数量关系等，其余主要是细节问题了。答题时，相当一些试题与同义词或反义词的转换有关，如录音中是dear，选择项中可能是expensive或not cheap了。做题思路：快读---预测---精听---巧记---细选。在播放试音部分时，不要力求完全听懂，只要求迅速适应播音者的语音语速即可。

在进入考试后，可以说开始的5分钟是最重要的。根据历年经验，考生在前五个听力小题上失分过多。真正的原因在于，这些题只读一遍，考生心神不定，第1个听不清，稍作迟疑，第2个又过去了。因此，最好的办法是，听清一个做一个，不在听不清处纠缠，要学会及时放弃；不求全部拿下，但求能拿下的全部拿下。这样，你就会尽可能多得分。1～5不紧张，6—8不放松，9一l0紧跟上，11—20要顾后。

总之，考听力要充分利用听录音前的时间和听各段对话之间的停顿时间速读一遍题目和全部选项，然后边听，边理解，边记录(关键词或数据)、边推测，边选择。在听语篇时要抓住要素即人物,事件,时间,地点, 以便较好地理解和回忆全“篇”故事，保持良好的心态，切忌因急躁而影响听后面的内容。

第二部分：英语知识运用

一、单项选择考点

冠词、代词、形容词和副词、语义辨析（名词、介词和介词短语）、动词和动词词组、动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、情态动词和虚拟语气、定语从句和名词性从句、并列句和状语从句、特殊句式、情景交际

二、单项选择的应对措施

1．提取时间信息——根据语境定时态

当考察谓语或非谓语动词的时态时，往往不给时间状语。应对方法是在试题中提取与时间相关的信息，判断动词动作发生的先后关系，从而确定时态。

(1)--- Is there anything wrong，Bob？ You look sad.

---Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _____ of my friends back home.

A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking

解析：由对话语境可知，一方发觉另一方不对劲，故问“怎么了？你看上去不高兴。” 对方在思念家乡的朋友，故回答时用过去进行时与just搭配，表示“刚才正在….”

(2 ) At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______.

A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached

解析：an agreement 与reach 构成逻辑上的被动关系，故先确定用被动语态。再由语境可知，协议达成的动作在was announced 之前，故用过去完成时。

【一试身手】

1).Jim, what a surprise! I ____ you ____ here.

A. don’t know; are B. didn’t know; were C. hadn’t known; had been D. haven’t known; were

2).--- This is Zhao Hua speaking. --- I’m sorry. I _____ your voice.

A. don’t recognize B. didn’t recognize C. haven’t recognize D. hadn’t recognize

3).---Have you moved into the new flat? ------ Not yet. The rooms ______.

A. are being painting B. are painting C. are painted D. are being painted

2. 识别语气信息——与事实相反虚拟探

英语句子均含有语气信息：句子表示的意义与事实相反，或是不可能实现的愿

望，谓语动词一般用虚拟语气。语气往往隐藏在前后句子的信息中，或由某些关键词语（but，otherwise等）来实现。

I didn’t know your mobile number; otherwise I _____ you the second I got to Changsha.

A. had rung B. would ring C. should have rung D. would have rung

解析: 根据句子意义，otherwise前的分句为客观事实，使用一般过去时，而otherwise后的分句则表示与过去事实相反的一种假设，句中实际省略句If I had known your mobile phone number, 故答案应选与过去事实相反的虚拟结构。

【一试身手】

1).When a chopstick is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it______.

A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. has been broken

2).I didn’t meet Mr. Smith at the station. How I wish I ____ him.

A. had seen B. saw C. have seen D. was seeing

3).But for your advice, I______ out of the trouble last week.

A. wouldn’t get B. wouldn’t have got C. couldn’t get D. won’t get

3. 鉴别语态信息---及物无宾被动看

当选项中既有不同的时态形式，又有不同的语态形式时，先判断语态， 后判断时态。因为语态容易判断：当所给动词是及物动词，后面没有带宾语且句子的主语承受该动词表示的动作时，就可先选定被动形式的选项。接下来根据所给时间状语或语境暗示的时间判断时态。若所给动词是不及物动词， 就不需要考虑被动语态问题。

The flowers were so lovely that they _____ in no time.

A sold B had been sold C were sold D would sell

解析: 所给动词sell在此是及物动词，其后没有宾语，主语they是sell的承受者，

一优先考虑被动语态选项B和C。再判断时态：sell动词表示的时间不会再were

之前发生， 故只能考虑一般过去时。故选择were sold.

但需注意有些动词，如上面提到的sell 既可以用作及物动词也可以用作不及物动词，这就需要具体情况具体分析。如sell表示销售状况并跟有相应的副词时，一般用作不及物动词。如：The ticket cost so much and sold badly.

When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____ for a space flight.

A training B being trained C to have trained D to be trained

解析: 非谓语动词train是及物动词，后面没有宾语，先考虑被动语态选项B和D.又从非谓语动词的作用可知，这里应用不定式作目的状语。故选择不定式的被动式。

【一试身手】

1)Gold ____ in California in the nineteenth century.

A was discovered B discovered C had discovered D was being discovered

2)The girl went to the party without_______.

A inviting B being invited C to be invited D invited

3) ______ from the tower at night, the city looks more beautiful/

A To be seen B Seeing C Being seen D Seen

4. 搜索明暗信息------综合推理作判断

在考查语境的试题中，总会提供一些有助于解题的相关信息：明示信息由关键词直接提示；而暗示信息需要理解和体验语境意义才能得到。明示信息为解题提供参考和方向，暗示信息最终决定选项。因此遇到此类试题，要善于搜索明示信息，以排除与题意无关的选项；再深刻理解语境含义以获取暗示信息，进行综合推理，作出正确的选择。

【例题】

He and his wife are of the same _____; they both want their son to go to college.

A soul B spirit C heart D mind

解析:答案为D. 本题考查名词的区别。明示信息为：soul灵魂、心灵、精神；

spirit灵魂、心灵、精神；heart心境、心情、内心；mind头脑、精神、愿望、看法。四个名词均可放入空格处。暗示信息：他们想让他们的儿子上大学，暗示了一种想法，故与mind意思相同，那么前面一句的意思就是“他和 他的妻子有一样的愿望\想法。”

【一试身手】

1).Mr. Li hesitated for a long time. But he decided to lend me a help ____.

A finally B immediately C gradually D slowly

2). --- Good morning, Green Hotel.

--- Hello, I’d like to book a room for the night of the 18th and 19th.

---_______. I’ll check.

A Ten dollars for each room B Just a minute C No problem D At your service

3). Lin Tao _____ lies. No one seems to like him.

A. has never told B. is always telling C. has just told D. tells

5. 分析句子成分—— 移位变通结构显

一般说来，英语句子的各个成分的位置事比较固定的。但有时为了表达不同的情感，态度或语气，会通过某些语法手段，或添加某些次要成分，或把句子的某些成分进行移位。移位现象常出现在特殊问句、强调句、从句、倒装句等句型中。应对方法是认真分析试题的各个成分之间的关系，把移了的位的成分放回到它原来应在的位置，这样一来，判断正确选项就容易了。

The village has developed a lot ____ we learned farming two years ago.

A. when B. which C. that D. where

解析: 由the village 和two years ago 可知本题由时间或地点。故不太可能出现时间或地点状语从句。通过移位，把从句放在village 的后面就可以应由where引导的定语从句。

【一试身手】

1)The play brought the hours back to me ____ I had worked in a faraway farm.

A. until B. that C. when D. where

2)The young man has spent as much time as he could ____ English.

A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. done

3)My aunt was disappointed to see the washing machine she ____ went wrong again.

A. has repaired B. had had repaired C. repaired D. had had repairing

6. 补全缺失成分-------省略替代原句现

试题有时创设一定条件，使之符合某一省略或替代规则，以增加判断正确选项的难度。应对方法是按照某一省略或替代规则补全被省略的缺失成分，再现完整的句子，这样有助于判断信选项是否正确。

---Do you have idea what Paul does all day?

---As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he_____.

A. writes B. does writing C. is writing D. does write

解析:由试题结构可知“as he_____” 为比较状语从句，这样的从句常省略和前面相同的词语。本题用does替代谓语spends， 省略time 和in。 把从句还原为完整的句子为：as he spends time in writing。

【一试身手】

1).The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it.

A. begins B. beginning C. is begun D. begun

2).-------Why did you take a taxi ? ---------I ______. I was late.

A. have to B. have to do C. had to D. had to do

3).-------Don’t forget to buy me a stamp when passing the post office. -------_____.

A.I don’t. B.I can’t C.I haven’t D.I won’t

7.去掉次要成分-------呼语插入语不见

当试题中有称呼语，插入语或其他次要成分时，可采取视而不见的方法，将其去掉，从而使句子结构清晰，易于判断触正确的选项。

Help others whenever you can _____you will make the world a nicer place to live in.

A. and B. or C. unless D. but

解析:句中的whenever you can 为次要成分，可忽略不看，一个 “祈使句+and+分句”的结构就清晰可见了。

Mary,_____ here ---- everybody else, stay where you are.

A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming

解析: Mary 和everybody else 作为呼语出现， 后面的句子为祈使句，省略了第二人称主语you, 故选动词原形come

【一试身手】

1). ---Ruth, look after your sister this afternoon,_____?

----- But I have to do a lot of exercises.

A. will you B. do you C. have you D. don’t you

2).The lady is always saying that her daughter is the cleverest student in the

class,_____, of course, made the other ladies unhappy.

A. when B. that C. what D. which

3).The woman shouted in the shop with great anger , as you expected, ____her hand at the assistant.

A pointed B pointing C to point D had pointed

8.强调句型优先——疑似强调还原看

当试题（包括选项）中有 it is / was…that/who时，应先作强调句型来考虑，将此疑似强调句型还原为普通句型。若去掉it is / was和that/who之后句子结构依然完整，就证明是强调句。反之，若有句子结构问题，就不是强调句型，就要考虑是否是其他句型。

1).It ____we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ___ I found we had a lot in common.

A was until ; when B was until; that

C wasn＇t until ; when D wasn’t until ; that

解析: 去掉it is/was和that之后本句可还原为 I didn’t find we had a lot in common until we had stayed together for a couple of weeks. 故是强调句型。

2). It was after he got what he had desired _____ he realized it was not so important.

A. that B. when C. since D. as

解析: 题干中有it was，选项中由that，疑是强调句型。去掉it和was之后还原为普通句型After he got what he had desired he realized it was not so important。其结构完整，证明是强调句型。

【一试身手】

1)Was it ____ the professor regarded as the brightest ones?

A. them that B. they that C. them which D. they whom

2)_______ you were born ?

A. Was it where that B. It was where that

C. Where it was that D. Where was it that

3)_______ she realised it was too late to go home. How hardworking she was!

A. It was not until dark that B. Hardly did it grow dark when

C. No sooner it grew dark than D. Scarcely had it grown dark than

9．查看主宾表定-------缺啥补啥句健全

当考察名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以补全句子结构。

Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.

A. what B. why C how D whether

解析: what 引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语,what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语.

We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.

A that B which C what D whom

解析: 本题考察非限制性定性定语从句,介词of后面缺宾语,能够作宾语且能够引导定语从句的关系代词which 和whom， 由于非限制性定性定语从句用来说明前面指人的名词people， 故用whom充当介词of的宾语。

【一试身手】

1)._______ I said at the meeting must be kept secret.

A. Whatever B. However C. Wherever D. Whenever

2).One of the blind men held the view _____ he felt