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浙江省温州市十校联合体2014届高三上学期期末考试 自选模块试题 题号:01 科目:语文 “中国古代诗歌散文”欣赏模块(10分) 阅读下面这篇散文,按要求回答问题。 试 笔 自 书 (宋)苏轼 吾始至南海,环视天水无际,凄然伤之,曰:“何时得出此岛耶?”已而思之,天地在积水中,九州在大瀛海中,中国在少海中,有生孰不在岛者?覆盆水于地,芥浮于水,蚁附于芥,茫然不知所济。少焉水涸,蚁即径去,见其类,出涕曰:“几不复与子相见。”岂知俯仰之间,有方轨八达之路乎?念此可以一笑。 戊寅九月十二日,与客饮薄酒小醉,信笔书此纸。 1.用自己的语言概括“笑”字中包含的苏轼的情感。 答:???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? 2.简要探析苏轼从“蚁附于芥”中获得的启发。 答:???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? 题号:02 科目:语文 “中国现代散文欣赏”模块(10分) 阅读下面的诗歌,然后回答问题。 秋晚的江上 刘大白[注] 归巢的鸟儿, 尽管是倦了, 还驮着斜阳回去。 双翅一翻, 把斜阳掉在江上; 头白的芦苇, 也妆成一瞬的红颜了。 【注】刘大白(1880—1932),中国诗人。原名金庆棪,浙江绍兴人。“五四”运动前就开始写白话诗,是新诗的倡导者之一。 1.结合全诗的主旨,赏析第一节诗句。 答:???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? 2.请简析第二节中描写的妙处。 答:???????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? ?????????????????????????????????? 题号:03 科目:数学 “数学史与不等式选讲”模块(10分) 已知实数满足 Ⅰ求的取值范围; Ⅱ若不等式对一切实数恒成立,求实数的取值范围. 题号:04 科目:数学 “极坐标与参数方程”模块(10分) 已知极点与原点重合,极轴与x轴的正半轴重合.若曲线的极坐标方程为:,直线的参数方程为:(为参数,为倾斜角). (I)求曲线的直角坐标方程; (II)若点坐标是,直线与曲线交于两点,求的取值范围. 题号:05 科目:英语 阅读理解(分两节,共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分) 阅读下面短文,并根据短文后的要求答题。 Teenage years can be confusing for both teenagers and parents. ____①______ They start thinking about how they feel about themselves and figuring out how this matches or mismatches what others think of them. Most teens work through this phase by the age of 16 or 17. Often teenagers are treated like slightly bigger children, but young adults will never become independent and responsible if they are not allowed to make some decisions for themselves. The role of a parent must change from that of protector and keeper to that of friend and guide. Even the most caring parents misunderstand their children sometimes, and some think of teenagers as insecure, stubborn and disrespectful. ____②_____ Teens often complain that their parents repeat the same things over and over again. Parents must understand that teens need to be allowed to present their side of any problem and express their point of view. If parents forbid their child from doing something, chances are that they will do it behind their backs anyway. Teens who deal best with their problems usually have parents who take time to listen and discuss, parents who respect them and who are respected in return. If parents remain calm, teens will do the same. ____③_____ Praise is a good thing too; teens are not always the best at accepting compliments, but that doesn’t mean they don’t need them. Parents need to make sure that praise is meaningful. It is especially important that parents watch for signs of depression, such as noticeable changes in grades, eating and sleeping habits. These could be symptoms of stress and even alcohol or drug use. Every parent should try to schedule time to be alone with their child, whether going shopping or to the movies, or taking a walk in the park or a short trip. This time allows parents to talk and listen without interruption from work or other family members. It might also be good to encourage teens to discuss important issues at dinner. Discussion time shows teens that parents are interested in them and their lives. Finally, parents must accept that teens may not want to talk about everything. Their need for privacy should be respected and they must feel and see that their parents are there for them. ___④___They start to learn to justify and defend them. Handling and improving communication with teenagers is not easy, but success will be rewarding for parents and teens alike. A. A person’s teenage years are a time for them to identify their own values. B. This will encourage more open, level-headed communication. C. As a result, teenagers can distance themselves from their parents. D. It is high time that parents should spare more time to stay with their kids. E. At about 15, many teens become introspective and moody. 第二节:根据短文所给的信息,用一个完整的句子回答下面的问题, 并将序号及相应答案写在答题纸上。 ⑤ What is the main idea of the article? __________________________________________________________ 题号:06 科目:英语 填空 (共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分) 阅读下面的短文,在标有序号的空白处填入一个适当的词,或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式,并将序号及相应的答案写在答题纸上。 Language follows power. In an increasingly globalized world, some languages become the kings in terms 1.______ trade and communication. They jump geographic boundaries, pushing smaller languages toward extinction. According to National Geographic magazine, one language dies every 14 days. By the next century nearly half of the roughly 7,000 languages spoken on Earth are 2.______ to disappear as communities abandon native tongues in favor of English, Mandarin or Spanish. This is 3._______ Google.org is launching a new undertaking called the Endangered Languages Project. It aims to digitally record the world’s little-known tongues and the heritages to which they are central. What kind of languages are disappearing? Languages like Arogonese, which can be found in northern Spain, for example. Spoken by 4._______ than 10,000 people, this language appears to 5._______ (disappear) within a few generations. Navajo and Ojibwa, both native to the Americas, are also close to extinction. Koro is the native language of a small population 6.________ in the mountains of northeast India. It’s spoken by about 4,000 people. The Endangered Languages website will record roughly 3,500 of the world’s little-spoken tongues. “7.______ every language that dies, humanity is in danger of losing an enormous cultural heritage”, writes Loek Essers on the website Computerworld.com. “As each one vanishes, an understanding of how humans relate to the world around them, as well as scientific, medical, and botanical knowledge, are all lost, as is the expression of a community’s humor, love, and life.” Users of the website can find 8._______ which can be identified by their location on a map, or reached via a list that has been broken down into four categories: at risk, endangered, severely endangered, or unknown. 9._______ can upload video or audio samples as well as share their knowledge of a language. “Languages are entities that are alive and in constant flux, and their extinction is not new,” write the site’s creators. “10._______ today we have the tools and technology that could become a game changer.” 题号:07 科目:思想政治 “经济学常识”模块(10分) 当越来越多的人争先恐后地实现了“有车一族”的梦想之后,车也带来了诸多问题。相关资料显示,机动车尾气排放是造成空气污染的重要原因,汽车带来的道路拥堵也成为了城市交通的最大问题,然而仍有超过60%的城市居民愿意选择私家车作为日常出行方式。 在国外成熟汽车市场中,汽车生产企业会以提供消费信贷的方式刺激消费需求;而通过借贷刺激社会总需求也是现代市场经济国家通用的经济调控手段之一。 请问最早提出以赤字财政扩大有效需求的经济学家是谁,其理论依据是什么。(10分) 题号:08 科目:思想政治 “生活中的法律常识”模块(10分) 某地,A电气股份有限公司通过自主创新,设计了“燃气灶门调节装置”节能效果显著,成为行业节能的新标杆,并获国家实用新型专利。后来,A公司发现B公司推出的一种新型灶具产品, 同样以节能卖点,大加宣扬。A公司对该产品拆解后发现,其风门调节“克隆”了本公司的技术。为此,A公司向法院提起了诉讼,依法维护了自已的权利。 (1)B公司的行为侵犯了A公司的什么权利?B公司应承担什么法律责任?(6分) (2)在该案中,A公司在诉讼中取胜的原因是什么?(4分) 题号:09 科目:历史 “历史上重大改革回眸”模块(10分) 阅读材料,回答下列问题。 材料一:二年二月,拜参知政事。上谓曰:“人皆不能知卿,以卿但知经术,不晓世务。”安石对曰:“经术正所以经世务。”上问:“然则卿所施设以何先?”安石曰:“变风俗,立法度,正方今之所急也。”上以为然。于是设制置三司条例司,……号为新法,遣提举官四十余辈,颁行天下。 ——《宋史》列传第八十六 材料二:北宋期间,中书管民,枢密管兵,三司主财,所有重要的数字已经不能对照,下面则是亿万不识字的农民,社会上又普遍缺乏中层机构,所以我们用不着追问他荆国公王安石介甫是否忠贞谋国,已先可断言他的筹划不合实际了。……仔细参考《宋史》里的叙述,我们也可以窥见新法失败的情形。譬如“方田法”以东、西、南、北各一千步为一方,内按土地肥瘠分五等抽税。可是即在畿国的开封府,其测量就产生技术上的问题,有谓“时方时止地,县内有山林,即无从着手。” ——[美]黄仁宇:《赫逊河畔谈中国历史》 (1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,分析宋朝皇帝与王安石的这场讨论发生的背景。这一讨论产生了怎样的结果?(6 分) (2)根据材料二,归纳黄仁宇认为王安石变法失败的原因。他是从什么角度论述的?(4 分) 题号:10 科目:历史 “世界文化遗产荟萃”模块(10分) 阅读材料、回答问题: 材料一: 自贰师将军伐大宛之后,西域震惧,多遣使来贡献,汉使西域者益得职。于是自敦煌西至盐泽,往往起亭,而轮台、渠犁皆有田卒数百人,置使者校尉领护,以给使外国者。 ——《汉书·西域传》 材料二: 约公元前220年,一统天下的秦始皇,将修建于早些时候的一些断续的防御工事连接成一个完整的防御系统,用以抵抗来自北方的侵略。在明代(公元1368~1644年),又继续加以修筑,使长城成为世界上最长的军事设施。它在文化艺术上的价值,足以与其在历史和战略上的重要性相媲美。 ——《世界遗产委员会对长城的评价》 (1)根据材料一并结合所学知识,指出西汉长城在功能上对秦长城有着怎样的继承发展?(4分) (2)根据材料二并结合所学知识,从文化艺术角度分析长城成为世界文化遗产的理由。(6分) 题号:11 科目:地理 “城乡规划”模块(10分) 读我国东部沿海某城市新区规划图回答下列问题。 1、下列城市功能区用地布局合理的是 。(双选1分) A.住宅区 B.商业区 C.工业区 D.文教区 2、小区规划建设一个幼儿园,应建在图中甲、乙、丙三处中的 处,理由是________ 。(3分) 3、新建小区居住环境尚有不足之处,主要有现在:① ,② ,③ 。(6分) 题号:12 科目:地理 “自然灾害与防治”模块(10分) 12月1日以来,由于一场史无前例的雾霾,中国陷入了环境危机,从华北到华东乃至西南地区,全国陆续有25个省市、100多座城市不同程度出现雾霾,覆盖了将近一半的国土, PM2.5测量计“爆表”。 “雾”和“霾”实际上是有区别的,雾是指大气中因悬浮的水汽凝结、能见度低于1公里时的天气现象;而灰霾的形成主要是空气中悬浮的大量微粒和气象条件共同作用的结果。结合所学知识,完成下列各题。 1.下列说法不助于雾霾形成的是( )(2分) A.大量燃煤采暖 B.城市汽车拥有量大 C.多大风天气 D.多晴朗干燥天气 2.雾霾笼罩时,下列说法正确的是( )(2分) A.地面辐射增强 B.大气保温作用增强 C.大气对流旺盛 D.大气削弱作用减弱 3、城市与乡村相比,雾霾更严重,试分析原因。(6分) 题号:13 科目:物理 “物理3—3”模块(10分) (1)(本题共3分,在给出的四个选项中,可能只有一个选项正确,也可能有多个选项正确,全部选对得3分,选不全得1分,有选错的得0分) 下列说法正确的是: A.布朗运动和扩散现象都是分子的无规则运动; B.温度相同的氢气和氧气分子平均动能相等; C.孤立系统中发生的实际过程,系统的熵只能增大或不变,不可能减小: D.气体的压强是由于重力产生的 (2)(本题共3分,在给出的四个选项中,可能只有一个选项正确,也可能有多个选项正确,全部选对得3分,选不全得1分,有选错的得O分) 如图所示是一定质量的理想气体的 图像(P为气体压强,V为气体体积),在气体状态沿图线由A经B到C的过程中( ) A.AB为等温膨胀过程,BC为等容升温过程 B.AB为等温压缩过程,BC为等容降温过程] C.AB为等压膨胀过程,BC为等容升温过程 D.AB为等压压缩过程,BC为等容降温过程 (3)(本题共4分)如图所示,密闭容器内用一活塞封闭了一定质量的理想气体,现用力F向下推动活塞压缩气体,发现越往下压缩所需力越大,有同学认为这是由于分子之间存在着斥力,你认为正确吗?为什么。 题号:14 科目:物理 “物理3-5”模块(10分) 一群氢原子处于量子数n=4能级状态,氢原子的能级的示意图如图所示,则: (1)氢原子可能发射几种频率的光子? (2)氢原子由量子数n=4的能级跃迁到n=2的能级时辐射光子的能量是多少电子伏? (3)用(2)中的光子照射下列中几种金属,哪些金属能发生光电效应?发生光电效应时,发射 光电子的能量最大初动能是多大? 几种金属的逸出功W 金属 铯 钙 镁 钛 逸出功W/eV 1.9 2.7 3.7 4.1 题号:15 科目:化学 “物质结构与性质”模块(10分) 不锈钢是由铁、铬、镍、碳及众多不同元素所组成的合金,铁是主要成分元素,铬是第一主要的合金元素。其中铬的含量不能 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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